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Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children
BACKGROUND: Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than males from adolescence and into maturity, which is suggested to result from sex-specific changes in dynamic movement patterns with maturation. Few studies have studied movement strategies and response to f...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5298470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28203593 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967116679640 |
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author | Briem, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Kolbrún Vala Árnason, Árni Sveinsson, Þórarinn |
author_facet | Briem, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Kolbrún Vala Árnason, Árni Sveinsson, Þórarinn |
author_sort | Briem, Kristín |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than males from adolescence and into maturity, which is suggested to result from sex-specific changes in dynamic movement patterns with maturation. Few studies have studied movement strategies and response to fatigue in children. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of fatigue on biomechanical variables associated with increased risk for ACL injury during a drop-jump (DJ) performance in children. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: A total of 116 children (mean age, 10.4 years) were recruited from local sports clubs and performed 5 repetitions of a DJ task before and after a fatigue protocol. Kinematic and kinetic data from initial contact (IC) to the first peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) were analyzed for both limbs, including limb and fatigue as within-subject factors for analyses between boys and girls. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify associations between variables of interest. RESULTS: Girls demonstrated greater peak vGRF values than boys (by 8.1%; P < .05), there were greater peak vGRF values for the right limb than the left (by 6.2%; P < .001), and fatigue led to slightly greater values (P < .05). Although weak, the correlation between peak vGRF values and knee flexion excursion was stronger for girls (r = –0.20) than boys (r = –0.08) (P < .006). Fatigue resulted in greater knee flexion angles at IC and less excursion during landing, more so for girls (by 6.1° vs 1.4°; interaction, P < .001), although the knee flexion moment was generally lowered by fatigue (P < .001). Limb asymmetry in knee flexion moments was more pronounced for boys than for girls (interaction, P < .05), contrary to that seen in frontal plane knee moments, where asymmetry was much greater in girls than boys (interaction, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Even as young athletes, girls and boys seem to adopt dissimilar movement strategies and are differently affected by fatigue. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Injury prevention programs should be considered at an earlier age in an effort to lower the risk of ACL injury in athletes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5298470 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52984702017-02-15 Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children Briem, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Kolbrún Vala Árnason, Árni Sveinsson, Þórarinn Orthop J Sports Med 117 BACKGROUND: Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than males from adolescence and into maturity, which is suggested to result from sex-specific changes in dynamic movement patterns with maturation. Few studies have studied movement strategies and response to fatigue in children. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of fatigue on biomechanical variables associated with increased risk for ACL injury during a drop-jump (DJ) performance in children. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. METHODS: A total of 116 children (mean age, 10.4 years) were recruited from local sports clubs and performed 5 repetitions of a DJ task before and after a fatigue protocol. Kinematic and kinetic data from initial contact (IC) to the first peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) were analyzed for both limbs, including limb and fatigue as within-subject factors for analyses between boys and girls. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify associations between variables of interest. RESULTS: Girls demonstrated greater peak vGRF values than boys (by 8.1%; P < .05), there were greater peak vGRF values for the right limb than the left (by 6.2%; P < .001), and fatigue led to slightly greater values (P < .05). Although weak, the correlation between peak vGRF values and knee flexion excursion was stronger for girls (r = –0.20) than boys (r = –0.08) (P < .006). Fatigue resulted in greater knee flexion angles at IC and less excursion during landing, more so for girls (by 6.1° vs 1.4°; interaction, P < .001), although the knee flexion moment was generally lowered by fatigue (P < .001). Limb asymmetry in knee flexion moments was more pronounced for boys than for girls (interaction, P < .05), contrary to that seen in frontal plane knee moments, where asymmetry was much greater in girls than boys (interaction, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Even as young athletes, girls and boys seem to adopt dissimilar movement strategies and are differently affected by fatigue. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Injury prevention programs should be considered at an earlier age in an effort to lower the risk of ACL injury in athletes. SAGE Publications 2017-01-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5298470/ /pubmed/28203593 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967116679640 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | 117 Briem, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Kolbrún Vala Árnason, Árni Sveinsson, Þórarinn Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title | Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title_full | Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title_fullStr | Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title_short | Effects of Sex and Fatigue on Biomechanical Measures During the Drop-Jump Task in Children |
title_sort | effects of sex and fatigue on biomechanical measures during the drop-jump task in children |
topic | 117 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5298470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28203593 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967116679640 |
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