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Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition

Surface modification of microelectrodes is a central step in the development of microsensors and microsensor arrays. Here, we present an electrodeposition scheme based on voltage pulses. Key features of this method are uniformity in the deposited electrode coatings, flexibility in the overall deposi...

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Autores principales: Rothe, Joerg, Frey, Olivier, Madangopal, Rajtarun, Rickus, Jenna, Hierlemann, Andreas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5298595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025569
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17010022
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author Rothe, Joerg
Frey, Olivier
Madangopal, Rajtarun
Rickus, Jenna
Hierlemann, Andreas
author_facet Rothe, Joerg
Frey, Olivier
Madangopal, Rajtarun
Rickus, Jenna
Hierlemann, Andreas
author_sort Rothe, Joerg
collection PubMed
description Surface modification of microelectrodes is a central step in the development of microsensors and microsensor arrays. Here, we present an electrodeposition scheme based on voltage pulses. Key features of this method are uniformity in the deposited electrode coatings, flexibility in the overall deposition area, i.e., the sizes and number of the electrodes to be coated, and precise control of the surface texture. Deposition and characterization of four different materials are demonstrated, including layers of high-surface-area platinum, gold, conducting polymer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene), also known as PEDOT, and the non-conducting polymer poly(phenylenediamine), also known as PPD. The depositions were conducted using a fully integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip with an array of 1024 microelectrodes. The pulsed potentiostatic deposition scheme is particularly suitable for functionalization of individual electrodes or electrode subsets of large integrated microelectrode arrays: the required deposition waveforms are readily available in an integrated system, the same deposition parameters can be used to functionalize the surface of either single electrodes or large arrays of thousands of electrodes, and the deposition method proved to be robust and reproducible for all materials tested.
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spelling pubmed-52985952017-02-10 Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition Rothe, Joerg Frey, Olivier Madangopal, Rajtarun Rickus, Jenna Hierlemann, Andreas Sensors (Basel) Article Surface modification of microelectrodes is a central step in the development of microsensors and microsensor arrays. Here, we present an electrodeposition scheme based on voltage pulses. Key features of this method are uniformity in the deposited electrode coatings, flexibility in the overall deposition area, i.e., the sizes and number of the electrodes to be coated, and precise control of the surface texture. Deposition and characterization of four different materials are demonstrated, including layers of high-surface-area platinum, gold, conducting polymer poly(ethylenedioxythiophene), also known as PEDOT, and the non-conducting polymer poly(phenylenediamine), also known as PPD. The depositions were conducted using a fully integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip with an array of 1024 microelectrodes. The pulsed potentiostatic deposition scheme is particularly suitable for functionalization of individual electrodes or electrode subsets of large integrated microelectrode arrays: the required deposition waveforms are readily available in an integrated system, the same deposition parameters can be used to functionalize the surface of either single electrodes or large arrays of thousands of electrodes, and the deposition method proved to be robust and reproducible for all materials tested. MDPI 2016-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5298595/ /pubmed/28025569 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17010022 Text en © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rothe, Joerg
Frey, Olivier
Madangopal, Rajtarun
Rickus, Jenna
Hierlemann, Andreas
Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title_full Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title_fullStr Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title_full_unstemmed Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title_short Robust Functionalization of Large Microelectrode Arrays by Using Pulsed Potentiostatic Deposition
title_sort robust functionalization of large microelectrode arrays by using pulsed potentiostatic deposition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5298595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025569
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17010022
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