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Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism
The environmental contributions to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their informative content for diagnosing the condition are still largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between early medical events and ASD, as well as autistic traits, in twins, to test the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5299390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28140403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.269 |
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author | Willfors, C Carlsson, T Anderlid, B-M Nordgren, A Kostrzewa, E Berggren, S Ronald, A Kuja-Halkola, R Tammimies, K Bölte, S |
author_facet | Willfors, C Carlsson, T Anderlid, B-M Nordgren, A Kostrzewa, E Berggren, S Ronald, A Kuja-Halkola, R Tammimies, K Bölte, S |
author_sort | Willfors, C |
collection | PubMed |
description | The environmental contributions to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their informative content for diagnosing the condition are still largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between early medical events and ASD, as well as autistic traits, in twins, to test the hypothesis of a cumulative environmental effect on ASD risk. A total of 80 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (including a rare sample of 13 twin pairs discordant for clinical ASD) and 46 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs with varying autistic traits, were examined for intra-pair differences in early medical events (for example, obstetric and neonatal factors, first year infections). First, differences in early medical events were investigated using multisource medical records in pairs qualitatively discordant for ASD. The significant intra-pair differences identified were then tested in relation to autistic traits in the remaining sample of 100 pairs, applying generalized estimating equations analyses. Significant association of the intra-pair differences in the MZ pairs were found for the cumulative load of early medical events and clinical ASD (Z=−2.85, P=0.004) and autistic traits (β=78.18, P=0.002), as well as infant dysregulation (feeding, sleeping abnormalities, excessive crying and worriedness), when controlling for intelligence quotient and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity. The cumulative load of early medical events in general, and infant dysregulation in particular, may index children at risk of ASD owing to non-shared environmental contributions. In clinical practice, these findings may facilitate screening and early detection of ASD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5299390 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-52993902017-02-22 Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism Willfors, C Carlsson, T Anderlid, B-M Nordgren, A Kostrzewa, E Berggren, S Ronald, A Kuja-Halkola, R Tammimies, K Bölte, S Transl Psychiatry Original Article The environmental contributions to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their informative content for diagnosing the condition are still largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between early medical events and ASD, as well as autistic traits, in twins, to test the hypothesis of a cumulative environmental effect on ASD risk. A total of 80 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (including a rare sample of 13 twin pairs discordant for clinical ASD) and 46 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs with varying autistic traits, were examined for intra-pair differences in early medical events (for example, obstetric and neonatal factors, first year infections). First, differences in early medical events were investigated using multisource medical records in pairs qualitatively discordant for ASD. The significant intra-pair differences identified were then tested in relation to autistic traits in the remaining sample of 100 pairs, applying generalized estimating equations analyses. Significant association of the intra-pair differences in the MZ pairs were found for the cumulative load of early medical events and clinical ASD (Z=−2.85, P=0.004) and autistic traits (β=78.18, P=0.002), as well as infant dysregulation (feeding, sleeping abnormalities, excessive crying and worriedness), when controlling for intelligence quotient and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity. The cumulative load of early medical events in general, and infant dysregulation in particular, may index children at risk of ASD owing to non-shared environmental contributions. In clinical practice, these findings may facilitate screening and early detection of ASD. Nature Publishing Group 2017-01 2017-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC5299390/ /pubmed/28140403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.269 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Original Article Willfors, C Carlsson, T Anderlid, B-M Nordgren, A Kostrzewa, E Berggren, S Ronald, A Kuja-Halkola, R Tammimies, K Bölte, S Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title | Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title_full | Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title_fullStr | Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title_full_unstemmed | Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title_short | Medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
title_sort | medical history of discordant twins and environmental etiologies of autism |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5299390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28140403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2016.269 |
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