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Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars

Infraocclusion is a condition where teeth are found with their occlusal surface below the adjacent teeth, long after they should have reached occlusion. Many terms have been used to describe this condition; the most commonly used being submergence and ankylosis. Infraocclusion is classified as sligh...

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Autores principales: Arhakis, Aristidis, Boutiou, Eirini
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5299554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28217186
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601610010714
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author Arhakis, Aristidis
Boutiou, Eirini
author_facet Arhakis, Aristidis
Boutiou, Eirini
author_sort Arhakis, Aristidis
collection PubMed
description Infraocclusion is a condition where teeth are found with their occlusal surface below the adjacent teeth, long after they should have reached occlusion. Many terms have been used to describe this condition; the most commonly used being submergence and ankylosis. Infraocclusion is classified as slight, moderate or severe. Studies have shown the commonness ratio of infraocclusion in kids being 1.3-8.9% with an equal male: female ratio. The frequency of infraocclusion of primary molars of mandible is 10-fold higher in contrast to those of the maxilla. Some studies showed that the first mandibular primary molars are most often affected, but others support the second one. Infraoccluded primary molars appear with an increase in 3 year-old children reaching a peak in 8-9 years of age. The main cause is ankylosis, followed by heredity, trauma, infection and various other theories. However, the etiology is still uncertain. Radiographically, an obliteration of the periodontal ligament can be seen using conventional methods and the CT-method can also be used to reveal greater detail. Clinically, other than submersion, a sharp, solid sound is heard on percussion, in contrast to a softer sound in the normal teeth. Infraoccluded primary teeth can cause occlusal disturbances, tilting of the adjacent teeth, supra-eruption of the antagonists, ectopic eruption or impaction of the successor premolars. A treatment decision must take into account whether there is a permanent successor or not. In the first case, patient monitoring is recommended, because these primary teeth usually exfoliate normally. However, in the second case, the therapeutic approach is not standard. The aim of this review of literature was to elucidate the available evidence concerning infraocclusion, its etiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, consequences and treatment.
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spelling pubmed-52995542017-02-17 Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars Arhakis, Aristidis Boutiou, Eirini Open Dent J Article Infraocclusion is a condition where teeth are found with their occlusal surface below the adjacent teeth, long after they should have reached occlusion. Many terms have been used to describe this condition; the most commonly used being submergence and ankylosis. Infraocclusion is classified as slight, moderate or severe. Studies have shown the commonness ratio of infraocclusion in kids being 1.3-8.9% with an equal male: female ratio. The frequency of infraocclusion of primary molars of mandible is 10-fold higher in contrast to those of the maxilla. Some studies showed that the first mandibular primary molars are most often affected, but others support the second one. Infraoccluded primary molars appear with an increase in 3 year-old children reaching a peak in 8-9 years of age. The main cause is ankylosis, followed by heredity, trauma, infection and various other theories. However, the etiology is still uncertain. Radiographically, an obliteration of the periodontal ligament can be seen using conventional methods and the CT-method can also be used to reveal greater detail. Clinically, other than submersion, a sharp, solid sound is heard on percussion, in contrast to a softer sound in the normal teeth. Infraoccluded primary teeth can cause occlusal disturbances, tilting of the adjacent teeth, supra-eruption of the antagonists, ectopic eruption or impaction of the successor premolars. A treatment decision must take into account whether there is a permanent successor or not. In the first case, patient monitoring is recommended, because these primary teeth usually exfoliate normally. However, in the second case, the therapeutic approach is not standard. The aim of this review of literature was to elucidate the available evidence concerning infraocclusion, its etiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, consequences and treatment. Bentham Open 2016-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5299554/ /pubmed/28217186 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601610010714 Text en © Arhakis & Boutiou ; Licensee Bentham Open https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Arhakis, Aristidis
Boutiou, Eirini
Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title_full Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title_fullStr Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title_full_unstemmed Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title_short Etiology, Diagnosis, Consequences and Treatment of Infraoccluded Primary Molars
title_sort etiology, diagnosis, consequences and treatment of infraoccluded primary molars
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5299554/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28217186
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601610010714
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