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Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs
OBJECTIVE: Chefs exert expert motor and cognitive performances on a daily basis. Neuroimaging has clearly shown that that long-term skill learning (i.e., athletes, musicians, chess player or sommeliers) induces plastic changes in the brain thus enabling tasks to be performed faster and more accurate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5300254/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28182712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171457 |
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author | Cerasa, Antonio Sarica, Alessia Martino, Iolanda Fabbricatore, Carmelo Tomaiuolo, Francesco Rocca, Federico Caracciolo, Manuela Quattrone, Aldo |
author_facet | Cerasa, Antonio Sarica, Alessia Martino, Iolanda Fabbricatore, Carmelo Tomaiuolo, Francesco Rocca, Federico Caracciolo, Manuela Quattrone, Aldo |
author_sort | Cerasa, Antonio |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Chefs exert expert motor and cognitive performances on a daily basis. Neuroimaging has clearly shown that that long-term skill learning (i.e., athletes, musicians, chess player or sommeliers) induces plastic changes in the brain thus enabling tasks to be performed faster and more accurately. How a chef's expertise is embodied in a specific neural network has never been investigated. METHODS: Eleven Italian head chefs with long-term brigade management expertise and 11 demographically-/ psychologically- matched non-experts underwent morphological evaluations. RESULTS: Voxel-based analysis performed with SUIT, as well as, automated volumetric measurement assessed with Freesurfer, revealed increased gray matter volume in the cerebellum in chefs compared to non-experts. The most significant changes were detected in the anterior vermis and the posterior cerebellar lobule. The magnitude of the brigade staff and the higher performance in the Tower of London test correlated with these specific gray matter increases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that chefs are characterized by an anatomical variability involving the cerebellum. This confirms the role of this region in the development of similar expert brains characterized by learning dexterous skills, such as pianists, rock climbers and basketball players. However, the nature of the cellular events underlying the detected morphological differences remains an open question. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5300254 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53002542017-02-28 Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs Cerasa, Antonio Sarica, Alessia Martino, Iolanda Fabbricatore, Carmelo Tomaiuolo, Francesco Rocca, Federico Caracciolo, Manuela Quattrone, Aldo PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: Chefs exert expert motor and cognitive performances on a daily basis. Neuroimaging has clearly shown that that long-term skill learning (i.e., athletes, musicians, chess player or sommeliers) induces plastic changes in the brain thus enabling tasks to be performed faster and more accurately. How a chef's expertise is embodied in a specific neural network has never been investigated. METHODS: Eleven Italian head chefs with long-term brigade management expertise and 11 demographically-/ psychologically- matched non-experts underwent morphological evaluations. RESULTS: Voxel-based analysis performed with SUIT, as well as, automated volumetric measurement assessed with Freesurfer, revealed increased gray matter volume in the cerebellum in chefs compared to non-experts. The most significant changes were detected in the anterior vermis and the posterior cerebellar lobule. The magnitude of the brigade staff and the higher performance in the Tower of London test correlated with these specific gray matter increases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that chefs are characterized by an anatomical variability involving the cerebellum. This confirms the role of this region in the development of similar expert brains characterized by learning dexterous skills, such as pianists, rock climbers and basketball players. However, the nature of the cellular events underlying the detected morphological differences remains an open question. Public Library of Science 2017-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5300254/ /pubmed/28182712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171457 Text en © 2017 Cerasa et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Cerasa, Antonio Sarica, Alessia Martino, Iolanda Fabbricatore, Carmelo Tomaiuolo, Francesco Rocca, Federico Caracciolo, Manuela Quattrone, Aldo Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title | Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title_full | Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title_fullStr | Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title_full_unstemmed | Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title_short | Increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
title_sort | increased cerebellar gray matter volume in head chefs |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5300254/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28182712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171457 |
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