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Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice

Gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) is a behavioral paradigm used for inferring the presence of tinnitus in animal models as well as humans. In contrast to pre-pulse inhibition (PPI), the neural circuitry controlling GPIAS is poorly understood. To increase our knowledge on GPIAS...

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Autores principales: Moreno-Paublete, Rocio, Canlon, Barbara, Cederroth, Christopher R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5302757/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28239338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2017.00019
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author Moreno-Paublete, Rocio
Canlon, Barbara
Cederroth, Christopher R.
author_facet Moreno-Paublete, Rocio
Canlon, Barbara
Cederroth, Christopher R.
author_sort Moreno-Paublete, Rocio
collection PubMed
description Gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) is a behavioral paradigm used for inferring the presence of tinnitus in animal models as well as humans. In contrast to pre-pulse inhibition (PPI), the neural circuitry controlling GPIAS is poorly understood. To increase our knowledge on GPIAS, a comparative study with PPI was performed in mice combining these behavioral tests and c-Fos activity mapping in brain areas involved in the inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (ASR). Both pre-pulses and gaps efficiently inhibited the ASR and abolished the induction of c-Fos in the pontine reticular nucleus. Differential c-Fos activation was found between PPI and GPIAS in the forebrain whereby PPI activated the lateral globus pallidus and GPIAS activated the primary auditory cortex. Thus, different neural maps are regulating the inhibition of the startle response by pre-pulses or gaps. To further investigate this differential response to PPI and GPIAS, we pharmacologically disrupted PPI and GPIAS with D-amphetamine or Dizocilpine (MK-801) to target dopamine efflux and to block NMDA receptors, respectively. Both D-amp and MK-801 efficiently decreased PPI and GPIAS. We administered Baclofen, an agonist GABA(B) receptor, but failed to detect any robust rescue of the effects of D-amp and MK-801 suggesting that PPI and GPIAS are GABA(B)-independent. These novel findings demonstrate that the inhibition of the ASR by pre-pulses or gaps is orchestrated by different neural pathways.
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spelling pubmed-53027572017-02-24 Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice Moreno-Paublete, Rocio Canlon, Barbara Cederroth, Christopher R. Front Cell Neurosci Neuroscience Gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) is a behavioral paradigm used for inferring the presence of tinnitus in animal models as well as humans. In contrast to pre-pulse inhibition (PPI), the neural circuitry controlling GPIAS is poorly understood. To increase our knowledge on GPIAS, a comparative study with PPI was performed in mice combining these behavioral tests and c-Fos activity mapping in brain areas involved in the inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (ASR). Both pre-pulses and gaps efficiently inhibited the ASR and abolished the induction of c-Fos in the pontine reticular nucleus. Differential c-Fos activation was found between PPI and GPIAS in the forebrain whereby PPI activated the lateral globus pallidus and GPIAS activated the primary auditory cortex. Thus, different neural maps are regulating the inhibition of the startle response by pre-pulses or gaps. To further investigate this differential response to PPI and GPIAS, we pharmacologically disrupted PPI and GPIAS with D-amphetamine or Dizocilpine (MK-801) to target dopamine efflux and to block NMDA receptors, respectively. Both D-amp and MK-801 efficiently decreased PPI and GPIAS. We administered Baclofen, an agonist GABA(B) receptor, but failed to detect any robust rescue of the effects of D-amp and MK-801 suggesting that PPI and GPIAS are GABA(B)-independent. These novel findings demonstrate that the inhibition of the ASR by pre-pulses or gaps is orchestrated by different neural pathways. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5302757/ /pubmed/28239338 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2017.00019 Text en Copyright © 2017 Moreno-Paublete, Canlon and Cederroth. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Moreno-Paublete, Rocio
Canlon, Barbara
Cederroth, Christopher R.
Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title_full Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title_fullStr Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title_full_unstemmed Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title_short Differential Neural Responses Underlying the Inhibition of the Startle Response by Pre-Pulses or Gaps in Mice
title_sort differential neural responses underlying the inhibition of the startle response by pre-pulses or gaps in mice
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5302757/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28239338
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2017.00019
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