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Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes

Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are protein toxins that originate from Gram-positive bacteria and contribute substantially to their pathogenicity. CDCs bind membrane cholesterol and build prepores and lytic pores. Some effects of the toxins are observed in non-lytic concentrations. Two patho...

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Autores principales: Maurer, Jana, Hupp, Sabrina, Bischoff, Carolin, Foertsch, Christina, Mitchell, Timothy J., Chakraborty, Trinad, Iliev, Asparouh I.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5308266/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28098781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins9010034
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author Maurer, Jana
Hupp, Sabrina
Bischoff, Carolin
Foertsch, Christina
Mitchell, Timothy J.
Chakraborty, Trinad
Iliev, Asparouh I.
author_facet Maurer, Jana
Hupp, Sabrina
Bischoff, Carolin
Foertsch, Christina
Mitchell, Timothy J.
Chakraborty, Trinad
Iliev, Asparouh I.
author_sort Maurer, Jana
collection PubMed
description Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are protein toxins that originate from Gram-positive bacteria and contribute substantially to their pathogenicity. CDCs bind membrane cholesterol and build prepores and lytic pores. Some effects of the toxins are observed in non-lytic concentrations. Two pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes, cause fatal bacterial meningitis, and both produce toxins of the CDC family—pneumolysin and listeriolysin O, respectively. It has been demonstrated that pneumolysin produces dendritic varicosities (dendrite swellings) and dendritic spine collapse in the mouse neocortex, followed by synaptic loss and astrocyte cell shape remodeling without elevated cell death. We utilized primary glial cultures and acute mouse brain slices to examine the neuropathological effects of listeriolysin O and to compare it to pneumolysin with identical hemolytic activity. In cultures, listeriolysin O permeabilized cells slower than pneumolysin did but still initiated non-lytic astrocytic cell shape changes, just as pneumolysin did. In an acute brain slice culture system, listeriolysin O produced dendritic varicosities in an NMDA-dependent manner but failed to cause dendritic spine collapse and cortical astrocyte reorganization. Thus, listeriolysin O demonstrated slower cell permeabilization and milder glial cell remodeling ability than did pneumolysin and lacked dendritic spine collapse capacity but exhibited equivalent dendritic pathology.
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spelling pubmed-53082662017-02-14 Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes Maurer, Jana Hupp, Sabrina Bischoff, Carolin Foertsch, Christina Mitchell, Timothy J. Chakraborty, Trinad Iliev, Asparouh I. Toxins (Basel) Article Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are protein toxins that originate from Gram-positive bacteria and contribute substantially to their pathogenicity. CDCs bind membrane cholesterol and build prepores and lytic pores. Some effects of the toxins are observed in non-lytic concentrations. Two pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes, cause fatal bacterial meningitis, and both produce toxins of the CDC family—pneumolysin and listeriolysin O, respectively. It has been demonstrated that pneumolysin produces dendritic varicosities (dendrite swellings) and dendritic spine collapse in the mouse neocortex, followed by synaptic loss and astrocyte cell shape remodeling without elevated cell death. We utilized primary glial cultures and acute mouse brain slices to examine the neuropathological effects of listeriolysin O and to compare it to pneumolysin with identical hemolytic activity. In cultures, listeriolysin O permeabilized cells slower than pneumolysin did but still initiated non-lytic astrocytic cell shape changes, just as pneumolysin did. In an acute brain slice culture system, listeriolysin O produced dendritic varicosities in an NMDA-dependent manner but failed to cause dendritic spine collapse and cortical astrocyte reorganization. Thus, listeriolysin O demonstrated slower cell permeabilization and milder glial cell remodeling ability than did pneumolysin and lacked dendritic spine collapse capacity but exhibited equivalent dendritic pathology. MDPI 2017-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5308266/ /pubmed/28098781 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins9010034 Text en © 2017 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Maurer, Jana
Hupp, Sabrina
Bischoff, Carolin
Foertsch, Christina
Mitchell, Timothy J.
Chakraborty, Trinad
Iliev, Asparouh I.
Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title_full Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title_fullStr Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title_full_unstemmed Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title_short Distinct Neurotoxicity Profile of Listeriolysin O from Listeria monocytogenes
title_sort distinct neurotoxicity profile of listeriolysin o from listeria monocytogenes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5308266/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28098781
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins9010034
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