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Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields
Several studies explored the biological effects of low frequency low energy pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on human body reporting different functional changes. Much research activity has focused on the mechanisms of interaction between PEMFs and membrane receptors such as the involvement of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5309410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28255202 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2740963 |
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author | Varani, Katia Vincenzi, Fabrizio Ravani, Annalisa Pasquini, Silvia Merighi, Stefania Gessi, Stefania Setti, Stefania Cadossi, Matteo Borea, Pier Andrea Cadossi, Ruggero |
author_facet | Varani, Katia Vincenzi, Fabrizio Ravani, Annalisa Pasquini, Silvia Merighi, Stefania Gessi, Stefania Setti, Stefania Cadossi, Matteo Borea, Pier Andrea Cadossi, Ruggero |
author_sort | Varani, Katia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Several studies explored the biological effects of low frequency low energy pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on human body reporting different functional changes. Much research activity has focused on the mechanisms of interaction between PEMFs and membrane receptors such as the involvement of adenosine receptors (ARs). In particular, PEMF exposure mediates a significant upregulation of A(2A) and A(3)ARs expressed in various cells or tissues involving a reduction in most of the proinflammatory cytokines. Of particular interest is the observation that PEMFs, acting as modulators of adenosine, are able to increase the functionality of the endogenous agonist. By reviewing the scientific literature on joint cells, a double role for PEMFs could be hypothesized in vitro by stimulating cell proliferation, colonization of the scaffold, and production of tissue matrix. Another effect could be obtained in vivo after surgical implantation of the construct by favoring the anabolic activities of the implanted cells and surrounding tissues and protecting the construct from the catabolic effects of the inflammatory status. Moreover, a protective involvement of PEMFs on hypoxia damage in neuron-like cells and an anti-inflammatory effect in microglial cells have suggested the hypothesis of a positive impact of this noninvasive biophysical stimulus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5309410 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53094102017-03-02 Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Varani, Katia Vincenzi, Fabrizio Ravani, Annalisa Pasquini, Silvia Merighi, Stefania Gessi, Stefania Setti, Stefania Cadossi, Matteo Borea, Pier Andrea Cadossi, Ruggero Mediators Inflamm Review Article Several studies explored the biological effects of low frequency low energy pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) on human body reporting different functional changes. Much research activity has focused on the mechanisms of interaction between PEMFs and membrane receptors such as the involvement of adenosine receptors (ARs). In particular, PEMF exposure mediates a significant upregulation of A(2A) and A(3)ARs expressed in various cells or tissues involving a reduction in most of the proinflammatory cytokines. Of particular interest is the observation that PEMFs, acting as modulators of adenosine, are able to increase the functionality of the endogenous agonist. By reviewing the scientific literature on joint cells, a double role for PEMFs could be hypothesized in vitro by stimulating cell proliferation, colonization of the scaffold, and production of tissue matrix. Another effect could be obtained in vivo after surgical implantation of the construct by favoring the anabolic activities of the implanted cells and surrounding tissues and protecting the construct from the catabolic effects of the inflammatory status. Moreover, a protective involvement of PEMFs on hypoxia damage in neuron-like cells and an anti-inflammatory effect in microglial cells have suggested the hypothesis of a positive impact of this noninvasive biophysical stimulus. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 2017-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5309410/ /pubmed/28255202 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2740963 Text en Copyright © 2017 Katia Varani et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Varani, Katia Vincenzi, Fabrizio Ravani, Annalisa Pasquini, Silvia Merighi, Stefania Gessi, Stefania Setti, Stefania Cadossi, Matteo Borea, Pier Andrea Cadossi, Ruggero Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title | Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title_full | Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title_fullStr | Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title_full_unstemmed | Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title_short | Adenosine Receptors as a Biological Pathway for the Anti-Inflammatory and Beneficial Effects of Low Frequency Low Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields |
title_sort | adenosine receptors as a biological pathway for the anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects of low frequency low energy pulsed electromagnetic fields |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5309410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28255202 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2740963 |
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