Cargando…

Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis

Breathing is vital for survival but also interesting from the perspective of rhythm generation. This rhythmic behavior is generated within the brainstem and is thought to emerge through the interaction between independent oscillatory neuronal networks. In mammals, breathing is composed of three phas...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Anderson, Tatiana M., Ramirez, Jan-Marino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000Research 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5310385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28299192
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10193.1
_version_ 1782507860557561856
author Anderson, Tatiana M.
Ramirez, Jan-Marino
author_facet Anderson, Tatiana M.
Ramirez, Jan-Marino
author_sort Anderson, Tatiana M.
collection PubMed
description Breathing is vital for survival but also interesting from the perspective of rhythm generation. This rhythmic behavior is generated within the brainstem and is thought to emerge through the interaction between independent oscillatory neuronal networks. In mammals, breathing is composed of three phases – inspiration, post-inspiration, and active expiration – and this article discusses the concept that each phase is generated by anatomically distinct rhythm-generating networks: the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), the post-inspiratory complex (PiCo), and the lateral parafacial nucleus (pF (L)), respectively. The preBötC was first discovered 25 years ago and was shown to be both necessary and sufficient for the generation of inspiration. More recently, networks have been described that are responsible for post-inspiration and active expiration. Here, we attempt to collate the current knowledge and hypotheses regarding how respiratory rhythms are generated, the role that inhibition plays, and the interactions between the medullary networks. Our considerations may have implications for rhythm generation in general.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5310385
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2017
publisher F1000Research
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-53103852017-03-14 Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis Anderson, Tatiana M. Ramirez, Jan-Marino F1000Res Review Breathing is vital for survival but also interesting from the perspective of rhythm generation. This rhythmic behavior is generated within the brainstem and is thought to emerge through the interaction between independent oscillatory neuronal networks. In mammals, breathing is composed of three phases – inspiration, post-inspiration, and active expiration – and this article discusses the concept that each phase is generated by anatomically distinct rhythm-generating networks: the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), the post-inspiratory complex (PiCo), and the lateral parafacial nucleus (pF (L)), respectively. The preBötC was first discovered 25 years ago and was shown to be both necessary and sufficient for the generation of inspiration. More recently, networks have been described that are responsible for post-inspiration and active expiration. Here, we attempt to collate the current knowledge and hypotheses regarding how respiratory rhythms are generated, the role that inhibition plays, and the interactions between the medullary networks. Our considerations may have implications for rhythm generation in general. F1000Research 2017-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5310385/ /pubmed/28299192 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10193.1 Text en Copyright: © 2017 Anderson TM and Ramirez JM http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Anderson, Tatiana M.
Ramirez, Jan-Marino
Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title_full Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title_fullStr Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title_full_unstemmed Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title_short Respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
title_sort respiratory rhythm generation: triple oscillator hypothesis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5310385/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28299192
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.10193.1
work_keys_str_mv AT andersontatianam respiratoryrhythmgenerationtripleoscillatorhypothesis
AT ramirezjanmarino respiratoryrhythmgenerationtripleoscillatorhypothesis