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Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae
BACKGROUND: Plants can respond to insect attack via defense mechanisms that reduce insect performance. In this study, we examined the effects of several treatments applied to two maize genotypes (one resistant, one susceptible) on the subsequent growth and survival of Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. (Medi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5312564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-0991-9 |
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author | Santiago, Rogelio Cao, Ana Butrón, Ana López-Malvar, Ana Rodríguez, Víctor M. Sandoya, Germán V. Malvar, Rosa A. |
author_facet | Santiago, Rogelio Cao, Ana Butrón, Ana López-Malvar, Ana Rodríguez, Víctor M. Sandoya, Germán V. Malvar, Rosa A. |
author_sort | Santiago, Rogelio |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Plants can respond to insect attack via defense mechanisms that reduce insect performance. In this study, we examined the effects of several treatments applied to two maize genotypes (one resistant, one susceptible) on the subsequent growth and survival of Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. (Mediterranean corn borer, MCB) larvae. The treatments were infestation with MCB larvae, application of MCB regurgitant upon wounding, wounding alone, or exposure to methyl jasmonate, and they were applied at the V6–V8 stage of maize development. We also monitored changes in the concentrations of compounds known to be involved in constitutive resistance, such as cell wall-bound hydroxycinnamates and benzoxazinoids. RESULTS: In both maize genotypes, the leaves of plants pre-infested with MCB larvae were less suitable for larval development than those from untreated plants. Application of MCB regurgitant upon wounding, and wounding itself, resulted in leaf tissues becoming less suitable for larval growth than those of pre-infested plants, suggesting that there could be herbivore-associated effector molecules that suppress some wounding responses. A single application of MCB regurgitant did not seem to mimic feeding by MCB larvae, although the results suggested that regurgitant deposited during feeding may have enhanced ferulates and diferulates synthesis in infested vs. control plants. Jasmonic acid may play a role in mediating the maize response to MCB attack, but it did not trigger hydroxycinnamate accumulation in the leaves to a level comparable to that induced by larval leaf feeding. The EP39 maize genotype showed an increase in leaf cell wall strength by increasing hemicellulose cross-linking in response to MCB attack, while induced defenses in the EP42 plants appeared to reflect a broader array of resistance mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that leaf feeding by MCB larvae can increase leaf antibiosis against MCB in two maize genotypes with contrasting levels of resistance against this borer. Also, the larval regurgitant played a positive role in eliciting a defense response. We determined the effects of the plant response on larval growth, and detected defense compounds related to borer resistance. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-017-0991-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5312564 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53125642017-02-24 Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae Santiago, Rogelio Cao, Ana Butrón, Ana López-Malvar, Ana Rodríguez, Víctor M. Sandoya, Germán V. Malvar, Rosa A. BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Plants can respond to insect attack via defense mechanisms that reduce insect performance. In this study, we examined the effects of several treatments applied to two maize genotypes (one resistant, one susceptible) on the subsequent growth and survival of Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. (Mediterranean corn borer, MCB) larvae. The treatments were infestation with MCB larvae, application of MCB regurgitant upon wounding, wounding alone, or exposure to methyl jasmonate, and they were applied at the V6–V8 stage of maize development. We also monitored changes in the concentrations of compounds known to be involved in constitutive resistance, such as cell wall-bound hydroxycinnamates and benzoxazinoids. RESULTS: In both maize genotypes, the leaves of plants pre-infested with MCB larvae were less suitable for larval development than those from untreated plants. Application of MCB regurgitant upon wounding, and wounding itself, resulted in leaf tissues becoming less suitable for larval growth than those of pre-infested plants, suggesting that there could be herbivore-associated effector molecules that suppress some wounding responses. A single application of MCB regurgitant did not seem to mimic feeding by MCB larvae, although the results suggested that regurgitant deposited during feeding may have enhanced ferulates and diferulates synthesis in infested vs. control plants. Jasmonic acid may play a role in mediating the maize response to MCB attack, but it did not trigger hydroxycinnamate accumulation in the leaves to a level comparable to that induced by larval leaf feeding. The EP39 maize genotype showed an increase in leaf cell wall strength by increasing hemicellulose cross-linking in response to MCB attack, while induced defenses in the EP42 plants appeared to reflect a broader array of resistance mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that leaf feeding by MCB larvae can increase leaf antibiosis against MCB in two maize genotypes with contrasting levels of resistance against this borer. Also, the larval regurgitant played a positive role in eliciting a defense response. We determined the effects of the plant response on larval growth, and detected defense compounds related to borer resistance. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-017-0991-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5312564/ /pubmed/28202014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-0991-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Santiago, Rogelio Cao, Ana Butrón, Ana López-Malvar, Ana Rodríguez, Víctor M. Sandoya, Germán V. Malvar, Rosa A. Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title | Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title_full | Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title_fullStr | Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title_full_unstemmed | Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title_short | Defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of Mediterranean corn borer larvae |
title_sort | defensive changes in maize leaves induced by feeding of mediterranean corn borer larvae |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5312564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28202014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-017-0991-9 |
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