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Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns

The fern flora of the world (Pteridophyta) has direct evolutionary links with the earliest vascular plants that appeared in the late Devonian. Knowing the mycobiota associated to this group of plants is critical for a full understanding of the Fungi. Nevertheless, perhaps because of the minor econom...

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Autores principales: Guatimosim, E., Schwartsburd, P.B., Barreto, R.W., Crous, P.W.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraallbureau voor Schimmelcultures 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5315284/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28232762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X690934
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author Guatimosim, E.
Schwartsburd, P.B.
Barreto, R.W.
Crous, P.W.
author_facet Guatimosim, E.
Schwartsburd, P.B.
Barreto, R.W.
Crous, P.W.
author_sort Guatimosim, E.
collection PubMed
description The fern flora of the world (Pteridophyta) has direct evolutionary links with the earliest vascular plants that appeared in the late Devonian. Knowing the mycobiota associated to this group of plants is critical for a full understanding of the Fungi. Nevertheless, perhaps because of the minor economic significance of ferns, this niche remains relatively neglected by mycologists. Cercosporoid fungi represent a large assemblage of fungi belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae (Ascomycota) having cercospora-like asexual morphs. They are well-known pathogens of many important crops, occurring on a wide host range. Here, the results of a taxonomic study of cercosporoid fungi collected on ferns in Brazil are presented. Specimens were obtained from most Brazilian regions and collected over a 7-yr period (2009–2015). Forty-three isolates of cercosporoid and mycosphaerella-like species, collected from 18 host species, representing 201 localities, were studied. This resulted in a total of 21 frond-spotting taxa, which were identified based on morphology, ecology and sequence data of five genomic loci (actin, calmodulin, ITS, LSU and partial translation elongation factor 1-α). One novel genus (Clypeosphaerella) and 15 novel species (Cercospora samambaiae, Clypeosphaerella sticheri, Neoceratosperma alsophilae, N. cyatheae, Paramycosphaerella blechni, Pa. cyatheae, Pa. dicranopteridis-flexuosae, Pa. sticheri, Phaeophleospora pteridivora, Pseudocercospora brackenicola, Ps. paranaensis, Ps. serpocaulonicola, Ps. trichogena, Xenomycosphaerella diplazii and Zasmidium cyatheae) are introduced. Furthermore, 11 new combinations (Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii, Neoceratosperma yunnanensis, Paramycosphaerella aerohyalinosporum, Pa. dicranopteridis, Pa. gleicheniae, Pa. irregularis, Pa. madeirensis, Pa. nabiacense, Pa. parkii, Pa. pseudomarksii and Pa. vietnamensis) are proposed. Finally, nine new host associations are recorded for the following known fungal species: Cercospora coniogrammes, Cercospora sp. Q, Ps. abacopteridicola, Ps. lygodiicola and Ps. thelypteridis.
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spelling pubmed-53152842017-03-09 Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns Guatimosim, E. Schwartsburd, P.B. Barreto, R.W. Crous, P.W. Persoonia Research Article The fern flora of the world (Pteridophyta) has direct evolutionary links with the earliest vascular plants that appeared in the late Devonian. Knowing the mycobiota associated to this group of plants is critical for a full understanding of the Fungi. Nevertheless, perhaps because of the minor economic significance of ferns, this niche remains relatively neglected by mycologists. Cercosporoid fungi represent a large assemblage of fungi belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae (Ascomycota) having cercospora-like asexual morphs. They are well-known pathogens of many important crops, occurring on a wide host range. Here, the results of a taxonomic study of cercosporoid fungi collected on ferns in Brazil are presented. Specimens were obtained from most Brazilian regions and collected over a 7-yr period (2009–2015). Forty-three isolates of cercosporoid and mycosphaerella-like species, collected from 18 host species, representing 201 localities, were studied. This resulted in a total of 21 frond-spotting taxa, which were identified based on morphology, ecology and sequence data of five genomic loci (actin, calmodulin, ITS, LSU and partial translation elongation factor 1-α). One novel genus (Clypeosphaerella) and 15 novel species (Cercospora samambaiae, Clypeosphaerella sticheri, Neoceratosperma alsophilae, N. cyatheae, Paramycosphaerella blechni, Pa. cyatheae, Pa. dicranopteridis-flexuosae, Pa. sticheri, Phaeophleospora pteridivora, Pseudocercospora brackenicola, Ps. paranaensis, Ps. serpocaulonicola, Ps. trichogena, Xenomycosphaerella diplazii and Zasmidium cyatheae) are introduced. Furthermore, 11 new combinations (Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii, Neoceratosperma yunnanensis, Paramycosphaerella aerohyalinosporum, Pa. dicranopteridis, Pa. gleicheniae, Pa. irregularis, Pa. madeirensis, Pa. nabiacense, Pa. parkii, Pa. pseudomarksii and Pa. vietnamensis) are proposed. Finally, nine new host associations are recorded for the following known fungal species: Cercospora coniogrammes, Cercospora sp. Q, Ps. abacopteridicola, Ps. lygodiicola and Ps. thelypteridis. Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraallbureau voor Schimmelcultures 2016-02-01 2016-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5315284/ /pubmed/28232762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X690934 Text en © 2015-2016 Naturalis Biodiversity Center & Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode You are free to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work, under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non-commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No derivative works: You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work, which can be found at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode. Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Nothing in this license impairs or restricts the author’s moral rights.
spellingShingle Research Article
Guatimosim, E.
Schwartsburd, P.B.
Barreto, R.W.
Crous, P.W.
Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title_full Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title_fullStr Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title_full_unstemmed Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title_short Novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
title_sort novel fungi from an ancient niche: cercosporoid and related sexual morphs on ferns
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5315284/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28232762
http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158516X690934
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