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The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins

Mycotoxins, the secondary metabolites of fungal species, are the most frequently occurring natural food contaminants in human and animal diets. Risk assessment of mycotoxins focused as yet on their mutagenic, genotoxic and potential carcinogenic effects. Recently, there is an increasing awareness of...

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Autores principales: Akbari, Peyman, Braber, Saskia, Varasteh, Soheil, Alizadeh, Arash, Garssen, Johan, Fink-Gremmels, Johanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5316402/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27417439
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1794-8
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author Akbari, Peyman
Braber, Saskia
Varasteh, Soheil
Alizadeh, Arash
Garssen, Johan
Fink-Gremmels, Johanna
author_facet Akbari, Peyman
Braber, Saskia
Varasteh, Soheil
Alizadeh, Arash
Garssen, Johan
Fink-Gremmels, Johanna
author_sort Akbari, Peyman
collection PubMed
description Mycotoxins, the secondary metabolites of fungal species, are the most frequently occurring natural food contaminants in human and animal diets. Risk assessment of mycotoxins focused as yet on their mutagenic, genotoxic and potential carcinogenic effects. Recently, there is an increasing awareness of the adverse effects of various mycotoxins on vulnerable structures in the intestines. In particular, an impairment of the barrier function of the epithelial lining cells and the sealing tight junction proteins has been noted, as this could result in an increased translocation of luminal antigens and pathogens and an excessive activation of the immune system. The current review aims to provide a summary of the available evidence regarding direct effects of various mycotoxins on the intestinal epithelial barrier. Available data, based on different cellular and animal studies, show that food-associated exposure to certain mycotoxins, especially trichothecenes and patulin, affects the intestinal barrier integrity and can result in an increased translocation of harmful stressors. It is therefore hypothesized that human exposure to certain mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol, as the major trichothecene, may play an important role in etiology of various chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and in the prevalence of food allergies, particularly in children. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1794-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-53164022017-03-03 The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins Akbari, Peyman Braber, Saskia Varasteh, Soheil Alizadeh, Arash Garssen, Johan Fink-Gremmels, Johanna Arch Toxicol Review Article Mycotoxins, the secondary metabolites of fungal species, are the most frequently occurring natural food contaminants in human and animal diets. Risk assessment of mycotoxins focused as yet on their mutagenic, genotoxic and potential carcinogenic effects. Recently, there is an increasing awareness of the adverse effects of various mycotoxins on vulnerable structures in the intestines. In particular, an impairment of the barrier function of the epithelial lining cells and the sealing tight junction proteins has been noted, as this could result in an increased translocation of luminal antigens and pathogens and an excessive activation of the immune system. The current review aims to provide a summary of the available evidence regarding direct effects of various mycotoxins on the intestinal epithelial barrier. Available data, based on different cellular and animal studies, show that food-associated exposure to certain mycotoxins, especially trichothecenes and patulin, affects the intestinal barrier integrity and can result in an increased translocation of harmful stressors. It is therefore hypothesized that human exposure to certain mycotoxins, particularly deoxynivalenol, as the major trichothecene, may play an important role in etiology of various chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, and in the prevalence of food allergies, particularly in children. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1794-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2016-07-14 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5316402/ /pubmed/27417439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1794-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review Article
Akbari, Peyman
Braber, Saskia
Varasteh, Soheil
Alizadeh, Arash
Garssen, Johan
Fink-Gremmels, Johanna
The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title_full The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title_fullStr The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title_full_unstemmed The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title_short The intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
title_sort intestinal barrier as an emerging target in the toxicological assessment of mycotoxins
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5316402/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27417439
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1794-8
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