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Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair
The glial regenerative response to central nervous system (CNS) injury, although limited, can be harnessed to promote regeneration and repair. Injury provokes the proliferation of ensheathing glial cells, which can differentiate to remyelinate axons, and partially restore function. This response is...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5319228/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28250735 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.198969 |
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author | Losada-Perez, Maria Harrison, Neale Hidalgo, Alicia |
author_facet | Losada-Perez, Maria Harrison, Neale Hidalgo, Alicia |
author_sort | Losada-Perez, Maria |
collection | PubMed |
description | The glial regenerative response to central nervous system (CNS) injury, although limited, can be harnessed to promote regeneration and repair. Injury provokes the proliferation of ensheathing glial cells, which can differentiate to remyelinate axons, and partially restore function. This response is evolutionarily conserved, strongly implying an underlying genetic mechanism. In mammals, it is elicited by NG2 glia, but most often newly generated cells fail to differentiate. Thus an important goal had been to find out how to promote glial differentiation following the proliferative response. A gene network involving Notch and prospero (pros) controls the balance between glial proliferation and differentiation in flies and mice, and promotes CNS repair at least in fruit-flies. A key missing link had been how to relate the function of NG2 to this gene network. Recent findings by Losada-Perez et al., published in JCB, demonstrated that the Drosophila NG2 homologue kon-tiki (kon) is functionally linked to Notch and pros in glia. By engaging in two feedback loops with Notch and Pros, in response to injury, Kon can regulate both glial cell number and glial shape homeostasis, essential for repair. Drosophila offers powerful genetics to unravel the control of stem and progenitor cells for regeneration and repair. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5319228 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53192282017-03-01 Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair Losada-Perez, Maria Harrison, Neale Hidalgo, Alicia Neural Regen Res Invited Review The glial regenerative response to central nervous system (CNS) injury, although limited, can be harnessed to promote regeneration and repair. Injury provokes the proliferation of ensheathing glial cells, which can differentiate to remyelinate axons, and partially restore function. This response is evolutionarily conserved, strongly implying an underlying genetic mechanism. In mammals, it is elicited by NG2 glia, but most often newly generated cells fail to differentiate. Thus an important goal had been to find out how to promote glial differentiation following the proliferative response. A gene network involving Notch and prospero (pros) controls the balance between glial proliferation and differentiation in flies and mice, and promotes CNS repair at least in fruit-flies. A key missing link had been how to relate the function of NG2 to this gene network. Recent findings by Losada-Perez et al., published in JCB, demonstrated that the Drosophila NG2 homologue kon-tiki (kon) is functionally linked to Notch and pros in glia. By engaging in two feedback loops with Notch and Pros, in response to injury, Kon can regulate both glial cell number and glial shape homeostasis, essential for repair. Drosophila offers powerful genetics to unravel the control of stem and progenitor cells for regeneration and repair. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2017-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5319228/ /pubmed/28250735 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.198969 Text en Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | Invited Review Losada-Perez, Maria Harrison, Neale Hidalgo, Alicia Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title | Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title_full | Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title_fullStr | Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title_full_unstemmed | Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title_short | Glial kon/NG2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
title_sort | glial kon/ng2 gene network for central nervous system repair |
topic | Invited Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5319228/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28250735 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.198969 |
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