TGF-β1 Gene -509C/T Polymorphism and Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis Involving 11,701 Subjects

Background: The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) gene -509C/T polymorphism has been suggested to be associated with increased coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. However, the individual studies results are still inconsistent. Objective and methods: To investigate the relationship between TGF-β1 gene -509C/T polymorphism and CAD, a meta-analysis involving 11,701 participants from 8 individual studies was conducted. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were evaluated by using random or fixed effect models. Results: A significant association between TGF-β1 gene -509C/T polymorphism and CAD was detected in the total population under allelic (OR: 1.130, 95% CI: 1.060–1.200, P = 0.0001), recessive (OR: 1.390, 95% CI: 1.100–1.750, P = 0.006), dominant (OR: 0.857, 95% CI: 0.785–0.935, P = 2.507 × 10(−4)), homozygous (OR: 1.258, 95% CI: 1.098–1.442, P = 0.001), heterozygous (OR: 1.147, 95% CI: 1.046–1.257, P = 0.003), and additive genetic models (OR: 1.131, 95% CI: 1.063–1.204, P = 5.442 × 10(−5)). In the subgroup analysis, there was a significant association between them in Chinese population under all of the genetic models (P < 0.05), except under the heterozygous genetic model (P > 0.05). In the Caucasian subgroup, a significant association between them was also detected under all of the genetic models (P < 0.05), except under the recessive genetic model (P > 0.05). Conclusions: TGF-β1 gene -509C/T polymorphism was significantly associated with increased CAD risk. The people with T allele of TGF-β1 gene -509C/T polymorphism might be predisposed to CAD.