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Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age

OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations of birthweight, nutritional status and growth in childhood with IQ, years of schooling, and monthly income at 30 years of age. STUDY DESIGN: In 1982, the 5 maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Brazil, were visited daily and 5914 live births were identified. At 30 yea...

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Autores principales: Horta, Bernardo Lessa, Victora, Cesar G., de Mola, Christian Loret, Quevedo, Luciana, Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares, Gigante, Denise P., Motta, Janaina Vieira dos Santos, Barros, Fernando C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Mosby 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5323242/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28063689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.020
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author Horta, Bernardo Lessa
Victora, Cesar G.
de Mola, Christian Loret
Quevedo, Luciana
Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares
Gigante, Denise P.
Motta, Janaina Vieira dos Santos
Barros, Fernando C.
author_facet Horta, Bernardo Lessa
Victora, Cesar G.
de Mola, Christian Loret
Quevedo, Luciana
Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares
Gigante, Denise P.
Motta, Janaina Vieira dos Santos
Barros, Fernando C.
author_sort Horta, Bernardo Lessa
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations of birthweight, nutritional status and growth in childhood with IQ, years of schooling, and monthly income at 30 years of age. STUDY DESIGN: In 1982, the 5 maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Brazil, were visited daily and 5914 live births were identified. At 30 years of age, 3701 subjects were interviewed. IQ, years of schooling, and income were measured. RESULTS: On average, their IQ was 98 points, they had 11.4 years of schooling, and the mean income was 1593 reais. After controlling for several confounders, birthweight and attained weight and length/height for age at 2 and 4 years of age were associated positively with IQ, years of years of schooling, and income, except for the association between length at 2 years of age and income. Conditional growth analyses were used to disentangle linear growth from relative weight gain. Conditional length at 2 years of age ≥1 SD score above the expected value, compared with ≥1 SD below the expected, was associated with an increase in IQ (4.28 points; 95% CI, 2.66-5.90), years of schooling (1.58 years; 95% CI, 1.08-2.08), and monthly income (303 Brazilian reais; 95% CI, 44-563). Relative weight gain, above what would be expected from linear growth, was not associated with the outcomes. CONCLUSION: In a middle-income setting, promotion of linear growth in the first 1000 days of life is likely to increase adult IQ, years of schooling, and income. Weight gain in excess of what is expected from linear growth does not seem to improve human capital.
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spelling pubmed-53232422017-03-07 Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age Horta, Bernardo Lessa Victora, Cesar G. de Mola, Christian Loret Quevedo, Luciana Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares Gigante, Denise P. Motta, Janaina Vieira dos Santos Barros, Fernando C. J Pediatr Original Articles OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations of birthweight, nutritional status and growth in childhood with IQ, years of schooling, and monthly income at 30 years of age. STUDY DESIGN: In 1982, the 5 maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Brazil, were visited daily and 5914 live births were identified. At 30 years of age, 3701 subjects were interviewed. IQ, years of schooling, and income were measured. RESULTS: On average, their IQ was 98 points, they had 11.4 years of schooling, and the mean income was 1593 reais. After controlling for several confounders, birthweight and attained weight and length/height for age at 2 and 4 years of age were associated positively with IQ, years of years of schooling, and income, except for the association between length at 2 years of age and income. Conditional growth analyses were used to disentangle linear growth from relative weight gain. Conditional length at 2 years of age ≥1 SD score above the expected value, compared with ≥1 SD below the expected, was associated with an increase in IQ (4.28 points; 95% CI, 2.66-5.90), years of schooling (1.58 years; 95% CI, 1.08-2.08), and monthly income (303 Brazilian reais; 95% CI, 44-563). Relative weight gain, above what would be expected from linear growth, was not associated with the outcomes. CONCLUSION: In a middle-income setting, promotion of linear growth in the first 1000 days of life is likely to increase adult IQ, years of schooling, and income. Weight gain in excess of what is expected from linear growth does not seem to improve human capital. Mosby 2017-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5323242/ /pubmed/28063689 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.020 Text en © 2016 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Original Articles
Horta, Bernardo Lessa
Victora, Cesar G.
de Mola, Christian Loret
Quevedo, Luciana
Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares
Gigante, Denise P.
Motta, Janaina Vieira dos Santos
Barros, Fernando C.
Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title_full Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title_fullStr Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title_full_unstemmed Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title_short Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age
title_sort associations of linear growth and relative weight gain in early life with human capital at 30 years of age
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5323242/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28063689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.12.020
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