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Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers?
PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to review the evidence of the association between energy balance and obesity. METHODS: In December 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France convened a Working Group of international experts to review the evidence regarding energy ba...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer International Publishing
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28210884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0869-z |
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author | Romieu, Isabelle Dossus, Laure Barquera, Simón Blottière, Hervé M. Franks, Paul W. Gunter, Marc Hwalla, Nahla Hursting, Stephen D. Leitzmann, Michael Margetts, Barrie Nishida, Chizuru Potischman, Nancy Seidell, Jacob Stepien, Magdalena Wang, Youfa Westerterp, Klaas Winichagoon, Pattanee Wiseman, Martin Willett, Walter C. |
author_facet | Romieu, Isabelle Dossus, Laure Barquera, Simón Blottière, Hervé M. Franks, Paul W. Gunter, Marc Hwalla, Nahla Hursting, Stephen D. Leitzmann, Michael Margetts, Barrie Nishida, Chizuru Potischman, Nancy Seidell, Jacob Stepien, Magdalena Wang, Youfa Westerterp, Klaas Winichagoon, Pattanee Wiseman, Martin Willett, Walter C. |
author_sort | Romieu, Isabelle |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to review the evidence of the association between energy balance and obesity. METHODS: In December 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France convened a Working Group of international experts to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). RESULTS: The global epidemic of obesity and the double burden, in LMICs, of malnutrition (coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition) are both related to poor quality diet and unbalanced energy intake. Dietary patterns consistent with a traditional Mediterranean diet and other measures of diet quality can contribute to long-term weight control. Limiting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has a particularly important role in weight control. Genetic factors alone cannot explain the global epidemic of obesity. However, genetic, epigenetic factors and the microbiota could influence individual responses to diet and physical activity. CONCLUSION: Energy intake that exceeds energy expenditure is the main driver of weight gain. The quality of the diet may exert its effect on energy balance through complex hormonal and neurological pathways that influence satiety and possibly through other mechanisms. The food environment, marketing of unhealthy foods and urbanization, and reduction in sedentary behaviors and physical activity play important roles. Most of the evidence comes from High Income Countries and more research is needed in LMICs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5325830 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Springer International Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53258302017-03-09 Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? Romieu, Isabelle Dossus, Laure Barquera, Simón Blottière, Hervé M. Franks, Paul W. Gunter, Marc Hwalla, Nahla Hursting, Stephen D. Leitzmann, Michael Margetts, Barrie Nishida, Chizuru Potischman, Nancy Seidell, Jacob Stepien, Magdalena Wang, Youfa Westerterp, Klaas Winichagoon, Pattanee Wiseman, Martin Willett, Walter C. Cancer Causes Control Original Paper PURPOSE: The aim of this paper is to review the evidence of the association between energy balance and obesity. METHODS: In December 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France convened a Working Group of international experts to review the evidence regarding energy balance and obesity, with a focus on Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). RESULTS: The global epidemic of obesity and the double burden, in LMICs, of malnutrition (coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition) are both related to poor quality diet and unbalanced energy intake. Dietary patterns consistent with a traditional Mediterranean diet and other measures of diet quality can contribute to long-term weight control. Limiting consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has a particularly important role in weight control. Genetic factors alone cannot explain the global epidemic of obesity. However, genetic, epigenetic factors and the microbiota could influence individual responses to diet and physical activity. CONCLUSION: Energy intake that exceeds energy expenditure is the main driver of weight gain. The quality of the diet may exert its effect on energy balance through complex hormonal and neurological pathways that influence satiety and possibly through other mechanisms. The food environment, marketing of unhealthy foods and urbanization, and reduction in sedentary behaviors and physical activity play important roles. Most of the evidence comes from High Income Countries and more research is needed in LMICs. Springer International Publishing 2017-02-17 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5325830/ /pubmed/28210884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0869-z Text en © The Author(s) 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Original Paper Romieu, Isabelle Dossus, Laure Barquera, Simón Blottière, Hervé M. Franks, Paul W. Gunter, Marc Hwalla, Nahla Hursting, Stephen D. Leitzmann, Michael Margetts, Barrie Nishida, Chizuru Potischman, Nancy Seidell, Jacob Stepien, Magdalena Wang, Youfa Westerterp, Klaas Winichagoon, Pattanee Wiseman, Martin Willett, Walter C. Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title | Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title_full | Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title_fullStr | Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title_full_unstemmed | Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title_short | Energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
title_sort | energy balance and obesity: what are the main drivers? |
topic | Original Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325830/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28210884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10552-017-0869-z |
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