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Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria
Due to increasing reports on poor‐quality palm oil in the market, there has been a continual decrease in demand and revenue cum product rejection of palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria. Hence, the significance of this work aims to moderate the microbial and physical qualities of crude palm oil sold in dif...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332264/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28265365 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.393 |
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author | Odoh, Chuks K. Amapu, Tarfen Y. Orjiakor, Ikechukwu P. Martins, Paul E. Seibai, Benedict T. Akpi, Uche K. Ugwu, Chinyere S. Lerum, Nathaniel I. Nwankwegu, Amechi S. |
author_facet | Odoh, Chuks K. Amapu, Tarfen Y. Orjiakor, Ikechukwu P. Martins, Paul E. Seibai, Benedict T. Akpi, Uche K. Ugwu, Chinyere S. Lerum, Nathaniel I. Nwankwegu, Amechi S. |
author_sort | Odoh, Chuks K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Due to increasing reports on poor‐quality palm oil in the market, there has been a continual decrease in demand and revenue cum product rejection of palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria. Hence, the significance of this work aims to moderate the microbial and physical qualities of crude palm oil sold in different major markets in order to increase revenue through quality control and quality assurance protocols. The intent is to create awareness among government monitoring agencies, buyers (exporters and importers), and to promote standard processing procedures among manufacturers. The study was carried out to ascertain the levels of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos and its environ. A total of 90 samples were collected in sterile containers. Molds were isolated and identified using standard identification procedures. The physicochemical properties: free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), moisture content (MC), and impurity level were determined. The assessment of mold isolated from the study sites recognized some life‐threatening genera capable of producing carcinogenic toxins. Candida sp. (51%) had the highest percentage of occurrence followed by Aspergillus sp. (45%) while Fusarium sp. (3%) was the least occurring mold. The mean mold count for all the palm oil samples ranges from 3.18 × 10(4) (cfu/mL)–4.56 × 10(4) (cfu/mL). Physicochemical findings showed that the average FFA (3.43–6.88%), PV (6.96–13.63 mEq/kg), IV (39.7–67.5 wijs), and MC (0.44–0.72%) values were within the SON acceptable limit, except the impurity level (0.28–0.44%) which was higher than the acceptable SON range in all the sites. There was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the mold and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil in almost all the samples analyzed when compared to both local and international permissible limits of the tested parameters recommended for edible palm oil. There was compliance between the permissible limits (local and international) of the physicochemical values of the parameters we tested for in the edible palm oil except the impurity level, while the mold count did not meet (was higher) with the required permissible limit of the SON mold count. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5332264 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53322642017-03-06 Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria Odoh, Chuks K. Amapu, Tarfen Y. Orjiakor, Ikechukwu P. Martins, Paul E. Seibai, Benedict T. Akpi, Uche K. Ugwu, Chinyere S. Lerum, Nathaniel I. Nwankwegu, Amechi S. Food Sci Nutr Original Research Due to increasing reports on poor‐quality palm oil in the market, there has been a continual decrease in demand and revenue cum product rejection of palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria. Hence, the significance of this work aims to moderate the microbial and physical qualities of crude palm oil sold in different major markets in order to increase revenue through quality control and quality assurance protocols. The intent is to create awareness among government monitoring agencies, buyers (exporters and importers), and to promote standard processing procedures among manufacturers. The study was carried out to ascertain the levels of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos and its environ. A total of 90 samples were collected in sterile containers. Molds were isolated and identified using standard identification procedures. The physicochemical properties: free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), iodine value (IV), moisture content (MC), and impurity level were determined. The assessment of mold isolated from the study sites recognized some life‐threatening genera capable of producing carcinogenic toxins. Candida sp. (51%) had the highest percentage of occurrence followed by Aspergillus sp. (45%) while Fusarium sp. (3%) was the least occurring mold. The mean mold count for all the palm oil samples ranges from 3.18 × 10(4) (cfu/mL)–4.56 × 10(4) (cfu/mL). Physicochemical findings showed that the average FFA (3.43–6.88%), PV (6.96–13.63 mEq/kg), IV (39.7–67.5 wijs), and MC (0.44–0.72%) values were within the SON acceptable limit, except the impurity level (0.28–0.44%) which was higher than the acceptable SON range in all the sites. There was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the mold and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil in almost all the samples analyzed when compared to both local and international permissible limits of the tested parameters recommended for edible palm oil. There was compliance between the permissible limits (local and international) of the physicochemical values of the parameters we tested for in the edible palm oil except the impurity level, while the mold count did not meet (was higher) with the required permissible limit of the SON mold count. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-06-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5332264/ /pubmed/28265365 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.393 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Odoh, Chuks K. Amapu, Tarfen Y. Orjiakor, Ikechukwu P. Martins, Paul E. Seibai, Benedict T. Akpi, Uche K. Ugwu, Chinyere S. Lerum, Nathaniel I. Nwankwegu, Amechi S. Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title | Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title_full | Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title_fullStr | Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title_short | Assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in Jos, Nigeria |
title_sort | assessment of mold contamination and physicochemical properties of crude palm oil sold in jos, nigeria |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5332264/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28265365 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.393 |
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