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Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography?
Strategies targeting intracellular negative regulators such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have demonstrated significant antitumor activity across a wide range of solid tumors. In the clinical practice, the radiological effect of immunotherapeutic agents has raised several more relevant and...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334499/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28298962 http://dx.doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v9.i2.27 |
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author | Bauckneht, Matteo Piva, Roberta Sambuceti, Gianmario Grossi, Francesco Morbelli, Silvia |
author_facet | Bauckneht, Matteo Piva, Roberta Sambuceti, Gianmario Grossi, Francesco Morbelli, Silvia |
author_sort | Bauckneht, Matteo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Strategies targeting intracellular negative regulators such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have demonstrated significant antitumor activity across a wide range of solid tumors. In the clinical practice, the radiological effect of immunotherapeutic agents has raised several more relevant and complex challenges for the determination of their imaging-based response at single patient level. Accordingly, it has been suggested that the conventional Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors assessment alone, based on dimensional evaluation provided by computed tomography (CT), tends to underestimate the benefit of ICPIs at least in a subset of patients, supporting the need of immune-related response criteria. Different from CT, very few data are available for the evaluation of immunotherapy by means of (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Moreover, since the antineoplastic activity of ICPIs is highly related to the activation of T cells against cancer cells, FDG accumulation might cause false-positive findings. Yet, discrimination between benign and malignant processes represents a huge challenge for FDG-PET in this clinical setting. Consequently, it might be of high interest to test the complex and variegated response to ICPIs by means of PET and thus it is worthwhile to ask if a similar introduction of immune-related PET-based criteria could be proposed in the future. Finally, PET might offer a new insight into the biology and pathophysiology of ICPIs thanks to a growing number of non-invasive immune-diagnostic approaches based on non-FDG tracers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5334499 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53344992017-03-15 Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? Bauckneht, Matteo Piva, Roberta Sambuceti, Gianmario Grossi, Francesco Morbelli, Silvia World J Radiol Editorial Strategies targeting intracellular negative regulators such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have demonstrated significant antitumor activity across a wide range of solid tumors. In the clinical practice, the radiological effect of immunotherapeutic agents has raised several more relevant and complex challenges for the determination of their imaging-based response at single patient level. Accordingly, it has been suggested that the conventional Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors assessment alone, based on dimensional evaluation provided by computed tomography (CT), tends to underestimate the benefit of ICPIs at least in a subset of patients, supporting the need of immune-related response criteria. Different from CT, very few data are available for the evaluation of immunotherapy by means of (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Moreover, since the antineoplastic activity of ICPIs is highly related to the activation of T cells against cancer cells, FDG accumulation might cause false-positive findings. Yet, discrimination between benign and malignant processes represents a huge challenge for FDG-PET in this clinical setting. Consequently, it might be of high interest to test the complex and variegated response to ICPIs by means of PET and thus it is worthwhile to ask if a similar introduction of immune-related PET-based criteria could be proposed in the future. Finally, PET might offer a new insight into the biology and pathophysiology of ICPIs thanks to a growing number of non-invasive immune-diagnostic approaches based on non-FDG tracers. Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5334499/ /pubmed/28298962 http://dx.doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v9.i2.27 Text en ©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Editorial Bauckneht, Matteo Piva, Roberta Sambuceti, Gianmario Grossi, Francesco Morbelli, Silvia Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title | Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title_full | Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title_short | Evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
title_sort | evaluation of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: is there a role for positron emission tomography? |
topic | Editorial |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334499/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28298962 http://dx.doi.org/10.4329/wjr.v9.i2.27 |
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