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Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner

Mosquitoes, such as Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae, are important vectors of human diseases. Fluralaner, a recently introduced parasiticide, was evaluated as a mosquitocide in this study. On Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae fourth-instar larvae, fluralaner had 24-h LC(50) (lethal concentration for 5...

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Autores principales: Jiang, Shiyao, Tsikolia, Maia, Bernier, Ulrich R., Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28178191
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14020154
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author Jiang, Shiyao
Tsikolia, Maia
Bernier, Ulrich R.
Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.
author_facet Jiang, Shiyao
Tsikolia, Maia
Bernier, Ulrich R.
Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.
author_sort Jiang, Shiyao
collection PubMed
description Mosquitoes, such as Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae, are important vectors of human diseases. Fluralaner, a recently introduced parasiticide, was evaluated as a mosquitocide in this study. On Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae fourth-instar larvae, fluralaner had 24-h LC(50) (lethal concentration for 50% mortality) values of 1.8 ppb and 0.4 ppb, respectively. Following topical application to adult Ae. aegypti, fluralaner toxicity reached a plateau in about 3 days, with 1- and 3-day LD(50) (lethal dose for 50% mortality) values of 1.3 ng/mg and 0.26 ng/mg, suggesting a slowly developing toxicity. Fipronil outperformed fluralaner by up to 100-fold in adult topical, glass contact, and feeding assays on Ae. aegypti. These data show that fluralaner does not have exceptional toxicity to mosquitoes in typical exposure paradigms. In electrophysiological recordings on Drosophila melanogaster larval central nervous system, the effectiveness of fluralaner for restoring nerve firing after gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment, a measure of GABA antagonism, was similar in susceptible Oregon-R and cyclodiene-resistant rdl-1675 strains, with EC(50) (half maximal effective concentration) values of 0.34 µM and 0.29 µM. Although this finding suggests low cross resistance in the presence of rdl, the moderate potency, low contact activity, and slow action of fluralaner argue against its use as an adult mosquitocide for vector control.
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spelling pubmed-53347082017-03-16 Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner Jiang, Shiyao Tsikolia, Maia Bernier, Ulrich R. Bloomquist, Jeffrey R. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Mosquitoes, such as Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae, are important vectors of human diseases. Fluralaner, a recently introduced parasiticide, was evaluated as a mosquitocide in this study. On Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae fourth-instar larvae, fluralaner had 24-h LC(50) (lethal concentration for 50% mortality) values of 1.8 ppb and 0.4 ppb, respectively. Following topical application to adult Ae. aegypti, fluralaner toxicity reached a plateau in about 3 days, with 1- and 3-day LD(50) (lethal dose for 50% mortality) values of 1.3 ng/mg and 0.26 ng/mg, suggesting a slowly developing toxicity. Fipronil outperformed fluralaner by up to 100-fold in adult topical, glass contact, and feeding assays on Ae. aegypti. These data show that fluralaner does not have exceptional toxicity to mosquitoes in typical exposure paradigms. In electrophysiological recordings on Drosophila melanogaster larval central nervous system, the effectiveness of fluralaner for restoring nerve firing after gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment, a measure of GABA antagonism, was similar in susceptible Oregon-R and cyclodiene-resistant rdl-1675 strains, with EC(50) (half maximal effective concentration) values of 0.34 µM and 0.29 µM. Although this finding suggests low cross resistance in the presence of rdl, the moderate potency, low contact activity, and slow action of fluralaner argue against its use as an adult mosquitocide for vector control. MDPI 2017-02-06 2017-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5334708/ /pubmed/28178191 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14020154 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jiang, Shiyao
Tsikolia, Maia
Bernier, Ulrich R.
Bloomquist, Jeffrey R.
Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title_full Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title_fullStr Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title_full_unstemmed Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title_short Mosquitocidal Activity and Mode of Action of the Isoxazoline Fluralaner
title_sort mosquitocidal activity and mode of action of the isoxazoline fluralaner
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5334708/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28178191
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14020154
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