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Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review

OBJECTIVES: There is a shortage of doctors working in rural areas all over the world, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The choice to practise medicine in a rural area is influenced by many factors. Motivation developed as a medical student is one key determinant of this choice....

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Autores principales: Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar, Zwanikken, Prisca A C, Pokharel, Paras K, Scherpbier, Albert J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5337703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28232465
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013501
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author Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar
Zwanikken, Prisca A C
Pokharel, Paras K
Scherpbier, Albert J
author_facet Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar
Zwanikken, Prisca A C
Pokharel, Paras K
Scherpbier, Albert J
author_sort Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: There is a shortage of doctors working in rural areas all over the world, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The choice to practise medicine in a rural area is influenced by many factors. Motivation developed as a medical student is one key determinant of this choice. This study explores influences on medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries following graduation. DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted to identify influences on medical students' motivation to work in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries. Papers reporting influences on motivation were included, and content analysis was conducted to select the articles. Articles not published in English were excluded from this review. RESULTS: A rural background (ie, being brought up in a rural area), training in rural areas with a community-based curriculum, early exposure to the community during medical training and rural location of medical school motivate medical students to work in rural areas. Perceived lack of infrastructure, high workload, poor hospital management and isolation are among the health facility factors that demotivate medical students for medical practice in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Medical school selection criteria focusing on a rural background factor and medical education curriculum focusing on rural area are more relevant factors in low-income and middle-income countries. The factors identified in this review may assist the planners, medical educators and policymakers in low-income and middle-income countries in designing relevant interventions to positively influence rural choices where the shortage of rural physicians is an ongoing and increasing concern.
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spelling pubmed-53377032017-03-07 Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar Zwanikken, Prisca A C Pokharel, Paras K Scherpbier, Albert J BMJ Open Medical Education and Training OBJECTIVES: There is a shortage of doctors working in rural areas all over the world, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The choice to practise medicine in a rural area is influenced by many factors. Motivation developed as a medical student is one key determinant of this choice. This study explores influences on medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas of low-income and middle-income countries following graduation. DESIGN: A systematic review was conducted to identify influences on medical students' motivation to work in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries. Papers reporting influences on motivation were included, and content analysis was conducted to select the articles. Articles not published in English were excluded from this review. RESULTS: A rural background (ie, being brought up in a rural area), training in rural areas with a community-based curriculum, early exposure to the community during medical training and rural location of medical school motivate medical students to work in rural areas. Perceived lack of infrastructure, high workload, poor hospital management and isolation are among the health facility factors that demotivate medical students for medical practice in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Medical school selection criteria focusing on a rural background factor and medical education curriculum focusing on rural area are more relevant factors in low-income and middle-income countries. The factors identified in this review may assist the planners, medical educators and policymakers in low-income and middle-income countries in designing relevant interventions to positively influence rural choices where the shortage of rural physicians is an ongoing and increasing concern. BMJ Publishing Group 2017-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC5337703/ /pubmed/28232465 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013501 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/ This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Medical Education and Training
Budhathoki, Shyam Sundar
Zwanikken, Prisca A C
Pokharel, Paras K
Scherpbier, Albert J
Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title_full Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title_fullStr Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title_short Factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
title_sort factors influencing medical students' motivation to practise in rural areas in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review
topic Medical Education and Training
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5337703/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28232465
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013501
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