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Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration

The human body develops from a single cell, the zygote, the product of the maternal oocyte and the paternal spermatozoon. That 1-cell zygote embryo will divide and eventually grow into an adult human which is comprised of ~3.7 × 10(13) cells. The tens of trillions of cells in the adult human can be...

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Autores principales: Kraus, Petra, Lufkin, Thomas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5339228/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28326305
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2017.00017
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author Kraus, Petra
Lufkin, Thomas
author_facet Kraus, Petra
Lufkin, Thomas
author_sort Kraus, Petra
collection PubMed
description The human body develops from a single cell, the zygote, the product of the maternal oocyte and the paternal spermatozoon. That 1-cell zygote embryo will divide and eventually grow into an adult human which is comprised of ~3.7 × 10(13) cells. The tens of trillions of cells in the adult human can be classified into approximately 200 different highly specialized cell types that make up all of the different tissues and organs of the human body. Regenerative medicine aims to replace or restore dysfunctional cells, tissues and organs with fully functional ones. One area receiving attention is regeneration of the intervertebral discs (IVDs), which are located between the vertebrae and function to give flexibility and support load to the spine. Degenerated discs are a major cause of lower back pain. Different stem cell based regenerative medicine approaches to cure disc degeneration are now available, including using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and even attempts at direct transdifferentiation of somatic cells. Here we discuss some of the recent advances, successes, drawbacks, and the failures of the above-mentioned approaches.
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spelling pubmed-53392282017-03-21 Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration Kraus, Petra Lufkin, Thomas Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The human body develops from a single cell, the zygote, the product of the maternal oocyte and the paternal spermatozoon. That 1-cell zygote embryo will divide and eventually grow into an adult human which is comprised of ~3.7 × 10(13) cells. The tens of trillions of cells in the adult human can be classified into approximately 200 different highly specialized cell types that make up all of the different tissues and organs of the human body. Regenerative medicine aims to replace or restore dysfunctional cells, tissues and organs with fully functional ones. One area receiving attention is regeneration of the intervertebral discs (IVDs), which are located between the vertebrae and function to give flexibility and support load to the spine. Degenerated discs are a major cause of lower back pain. Different stem cell based regenerative medicine approaches to cure disc degeneration are now available, including using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and even attempts at direct transdifferentiation of somatic cells. Here we discuss some of the recent advances, successes, drawbacks, and the failures of the above-mentioned approaches. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5339228/ /pubmed/28326305 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2017.00017 Text en Copyright © 2017 Kraus and Lufkin. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Kraus, Petra
Lufkin, Thomas
Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title_full Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title_fullStr Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title_full_unstemmed Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title_short Implications for a Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine Based Approach to Human Intervertebral Disk Degeneration
title_sort implications for a stem cell regenerative medicine based approach to human intervertebral disk degeneration
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5339228/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28326305
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2017.00017
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