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Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality among African Americans. Ambient air pollution, including from traffic, is associated with HF, but the mechanisms remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to estimate the cross-sectional associations between r...

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Autores principales: Weaver, Anne M., Wellenius, Gregory A., Wu, Wen-Chih, Hickson, DeMarc A., Kamalesh, Masoor, Wang, Yi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5341411/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270143
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0226-4
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author Weaver, Anne M.
Wellenius, Gregory A.
Wu, Wen-Chih
Hickson, DeMarc A.
Kamalesh, Masoor
Wang, Yi
author_facet Weaver, Anne M.
Wellenius, Gregory A.
Wu, Wen-Chih
Hickson, DeMarc A.
Kamalesh, Masoor
Wang, Yi
author_sort Weaver, Anne M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality among African Americans. Ambient air pollution, including from traffic, is associated with HF, but the mechanisms remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to estimate the cross-sectional associations between residential distance to major roadways with markers of cardiac structure: left ventricular (LV) mass index, LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-systolic diameter, and LV hypertrophy among African Americans. METHODS: We studied baseline participants of the Jackson Heart Study (recruited 2000–2004), a prospective cohort of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among African Americans living in Jackson, Mississippi, USA. All cardiac measures were assessed from echocardiograms. We assessed the associations between residential distance to roads and cardiac structure indicators using multivariable linear regression or multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 4826 participants, residential distance to road was <150 m for 103 participants, 150–299 m for 158, 300–999 for 1156, and ≥1000 m for 3409. Those who lived <150 m from a major road had mean 1.2 mm (95% CI 0.2, 2.1) greater LV diameter at end-systole compared to those who lived ≥1000 m. We did not observe statistically significant associations between distance to roads and LV mass index, LV end-diastolic diameter, or LV hypertrophy. Results did not materially change after additional adjustment for hypertension and diabetes or exclusion of those with CVD at baseline; results strengthened when modeling distance to A1 roads (such as interstate highways) as the exposure of interest. CONCLUSIONS: We found that residential distance to roads may be associated with LV end-systolic diameter, a marker of systolic dysfunction, in this cohort of African Americans, suggesting a potential mechanism by which exposure to traffic pollution increases the risk of HF. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0226-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-53414112017-03-10 Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study Weaver, Anne M. Wellenius, Gregory A. Wu, Wen-Chih Hickson, DeMarc A. Kamalesh, Masoor Wang, Yi Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is a significant source of morbidity and mortality among African Americans. Ambient air pollution, including from traffic, is associated with HF, but the mechanisms remain unknown. The objectives of this study were to estimate the cross-sectional associations between residential distance to major roadways with markers of cardiac structure: left ventricular (LV) mass index, LV end-diastolic diameter, LV end-systolic diameter, and LV hypertrophy among African Americans. METHODS: We studied baseline participants of the Jackson Heart Study (recruited 2000–2004), a prospective cohort of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among African Americans living in Jackson, Mississippi, USA. All cardiac measures were assessed from echocardiograms. We assessed the associations between residential distance to roads and cardiac structure indicators using multivariable linear regression or multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 4826 participants, residential distance to road was <150 m for 103 participants, 150–299 m for 158, 300–999 for 1156, and ≥1000 m for 3409. Those who lived <150 m from a major road had mean 1.2 mm (95% CI 0.2, 2.1) greater LV diameter at end-systole compared to those who lived ≥1000 m. We did not observe statistically significant associations between distance to roads and LV mass index, LV end-diastolic diameter, or LV hypertrophy. Results did not materially change after additional adjustment for hypertension and diabetes or exclusion of those with CVD at baseline; results strengthened when modeling distance to A1 roads (such as interstate highways) as the exposure of interest. CONCLUSIONS: We found that residential distance to roads may be associated with LV end-systolic diameter, a marker of systolic dysfunction, in this cohort of African Americans, suggesting a potential mechanism by which exposure to traffic pollution increases the risk of HF. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-017-0226-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2017-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5341411/ /pubmed/28270143 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0226-4 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Weaver, Anne M.
Wellenius, Gregory A.
Wu, Wen-Chih
Hickson, DeMarc A.
Kamalesh, Masoor
Wang, Yi
Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title_full Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title_fullStr Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title_full_unstemmed Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title_short Residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in African Americans: cross-sectional results from the Jackson Heart Study
title_sort residential distance to major roadways and cardiac structure in african americans: cross-sectional results from the jackson heart study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5341411/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270143
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-017-0226-4
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