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Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population and is an important medical issue. Short-term smoking cessation tends to worsen psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia but decreases sympathetic nervous system activity and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5341461/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1250-1 |
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author | Miyauchi, Masatoshi Kishida, Ikuko Suda, Akira Shiraishi, Yohko Fujibayashi, Mami Taguri, Masataka Ishii, Chie Ishii, Norio Moritani, Toshio Hirayasu, Yoshio |
author_facet | Miyauchi, Masatoshi Kishida, Ikuko Suda, Akira Shiraishi, Yohko Fujibayashi, Mami Taguri, Masataka Ishii, Chie Ishii, Norio Moritani, Toshio Hirayasu, Yoshio |
author_sort | Miyauchi, Masatoshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The prevalence of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population and is an important medical issue. Short-term smoking cessation tends to worsen psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia but decreases sympathetic nervous system activity and improves plasma cholesterol levels in healthy people. Few studies have assessed the long-term effects of smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Subjects were 70 Japanese patients with schizophrenia (38 smokers, 32 non-smokers). We compared the following clinical parameters between the two groups at baseline (before smoking cessation) and in each group separately between baseline and at three years after smoking cessation: autonomic nervous system activity, plasma cholesterol levels, body weight, drug therapy, and Global Assessment of Functioning scores. We also compared the mean changes in clinical parameters throughout this study between the groups at both time points. Autonomic nervous system activity was assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. RESULTS: Parasympathetic nervous system activity and the doses of antiparkinsonian drugs in smokers were significantly higher than those in non-smokers at baseline. Smoking cessation was associated with significantly decreased sympathetic nervous system activity and decreased doses of antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs at three years after smoking cessation. However, there was no significant difference in the mean change in clinical factors scores, except for Global Assessment of Functioning scores, between smokers and non-smokers at three years after smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that smoking reduces both autonomic nervous system activity and the effectiveness of drug therapy with antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs in patients with schizophrenia, but that both factors could be ameliorated over the long term by smoking cessation. Taken together with the findings of previous studies, smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia has many long-term positive physiological effects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5341461 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53414612017-03-10 Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients Miyauchi, Masatoshi Kishida, Ikuko Suda, Akira Shiraishi, Yohko Fujibayashi, Mami Taguri, Masataka Ishii, Chie Ishii, Norio Moritani, Toshio Hirayasu, Yoshio BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: The prevalence of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population and is an important medical issue. Short-term smoking cessation tends to worsen psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia but decreases sympathetic nervous system activity and improves plasma cholesterol levels in healthy people. Few studies have assessed the long-term effects of smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Subjects were 70 Japanese patients with schizophrenia (38 smokers, 32 non-smokers). We compared the following clinical parameters between the two groups at baseline (before smoking cessation) and in each group separately between baseline and at three years after smoking cessation: autonomic nervous system activity, plasma cholesterol levels, body weight, drug therapy, and Global Assessment of Functioning scores. We also compared the mean changes in clinical parameters throughout this study between the groups at both time points. Autonomic nervous system activity was assessed by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. RESULTS: Parasympathetic nervous system activity and the doses of antiparkinsonian drugs in smokers were significantly higher than those in non-smokers at baseline. Smoking cessation was associated with significantly decreased sympathetic nervous system activity and decreased doses of antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs at three years after smoking cessation. However, there was no significant difference in the mean change in clinical factors scores, except for Global Assessment of Functioning scores, between smokers and non-smokers at three years after smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that smoking reduces both autonomic nervous system activity and the effectiveness of drug therapy with antipsychotics and antiparkinsonian drugs in patients with schizophrenia, but that both factors could be ameliorated over the long term by smoking cessation. Taken together with the findings of previous studies, smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia has many long-term positive physiological effects. BioMed Central 2017-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5341461/ /pubmed/28270120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1250-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Miyauchi, Masatoshi Kishida, Ikuko Suda, Akira Shiraishi, Yohko Fujibayashi, Mami Taguri, Masataka Ishii, Chie Ishii, Norio Moritani, Toshio Hirayasu, Yoshio Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title | Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title_full | Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title_fullStr | Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title_short | Long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
title_sort | long term effects of smoking cessation in hospitalized schizophrenia patients |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5341461/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28270120 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1250-1 |
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