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MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer

Resistance to the ionizing radiation is a current problem in the treatment and clinical management of various cancers including head and neck cancer. There are several biological and molecular mechanisms described to be responsible for resistance of the tumors to radiotherapy. Among them, the main m...

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Autores principales: Ahmad, Parwez, Sana, Jiri, Slavik, Marek, Slampa, Pavel, Smilek, Pavel, Slaby, Ondrej
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28325958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8245345
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author Ahmad, Parwez
Sana, Jiri
Slavik, Marek
Slampa, Pavel
Smilek, Pavel
Slaby, Ondrej
author_facet Ahmad, Parwez
Sana, Jiri
Slavik, Marek
Slampa, Pavel
Smilek, Pavel
Slaby, Ondrej
author_sort Ahmad, Parwez
collection PubMed
description Resistance to the ionizing radiation is a current problem in the treatment and clinical management of various cancers including head and neck cancer. There are several biological and molecular mechanisms described to be responsible for resistance of the tumors to radiotherapy. Among them, the main mechanisms include alterations in intracellular pathways involved in DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. It has been found that regulation of these complex processes is often controlled by microRNAs. MicroRNAs are short endogenous RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression and their deregulated expression has been observed in many tumors including head and neck cancer. Specific expression patterns of microRNAs have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in head and neck cancer. Therefore, microRNAs present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome resistance to radiation and improve prognosis of head and neck cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of microRNAs in radioresistance of cancer with special focus on head and neck cancer.
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spelling pubmed-53432682017-03-21 MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer Ahmad, Parwez Sana, Jiri Slavik, Marek Slampa, Pavel Smilek, Pavel Slaby, Ondrej Dis Markers Review Article Resistance to the ionizing radiation is a current problem in the treatment and clinical management of various cancers including head and neck cancer. There are several biological and molecular mechanisms described to be responsible for resistance of the tumors to radiotherapy. Among them, the main mechanisms include alterations in intracellular pathways involved in DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. It has been found that regulation of these complex processes is often controlled by microRNAs. MicroRNAs are short endogenous RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally modulate gene expression and their deregulated expression has been observed in many tumors including head and neck cancer. Specific expression patterns of microRNAs have also been shown to predict prognosis and therapeutic response in head and neck cancer. Therefore, microRNAs present promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets that might overcome resistance to radiation and improve prognosis of head and neck cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the functional role of microRNAs in radioresistance of cancer with special focus on head and neck cancer. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 2017-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5343268/ /pubmed/28325958 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8245345 Text en Copyright © 2017 Parwez Ahmad et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Ahmad, Parwez
Sana, Jiri
Slavik, Marek
Slampa, Pavel
Smilek, Pavel
Slaby, Ondrej
MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title_full MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title_fullStr MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title_short MicroRNAs Involvement in Radioresistance of Head and Neck Cancer
title_sort micrornas involvement in radioresistance of head and neck cancer
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28325958
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8245345
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