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Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expirato...

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Autores principales: Wieshammer, Siegfried, Dreyhaupt, Jens
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28286467
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12971-017-0122-2
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author Wieshammer, Siegfried
Dreyhaupt, Jens
author_facet Wieshammer, Siegfried
Dreyhaupt, Jens
author_sort Wieshammer, Siegfried
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in determining lung cancer risk and (ii) the effect of lung cancer on systemic inflammation. METHODS: The study group comprised 475 consecutively enrolled patients with cancer who presented with pulmonary or cardiac symptoms. The effects of smoking exposure and FEV1 loss on the predicted lung cancer risk were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a marker of inflammation. RESULTS: The prevalence of lung cancer was 0.23. The lung cancer risk increased with the number of pack years and FEV1 loss (p < 0.01). Moving from the 5(th) (−22% of the predicted value) to the 95(th) percentile of FEV1 loss (56% of the predicted value) increased lung cancer risk from 0.07 to 0.23 (Δ = 0.16) at 0 pack years and from 0.39 to 0.73 (Δ = 0.34) at 70 pack years (95(th) percentile). The values for Δ peaked at 61 pack years (0.34) and then decreased with a further increase in smoking exposure, without reaching the zero mark. Patients with lung cancer were more likely to have a CRP level above the median (4.05 mg/L) than patients with other cancers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.67). CONCLUSIONS: Systemic inflammation is more pronounced in patients with lung cancer than in patients with other cancers. The effect of FEV1 loss on the patients’ predicted risks of lung cancer increases with increasing smoking exposure. Measurements of FEV1 loss are useful to identify patients facing an increased risk of developing lung cancer.
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spelling pubmed-53433032017-03-10 Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study Wieshammer, Siegfried Dreyhaupt, Jens Tob Induc Dis Research BACKGROUND: Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in determining lung cancer risk and (ii) the effect of lung cancer on systemic inflammation. METHODS: The study group comprised 475 consecutively enrolled patients with cancer who presented with pulmonary or cardiac symptoms. The effects of smoking exposure and FEV1 loss on the predicted lung cancer risk were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a marker of inflammation. RESULTS: The prevalence of lung cancer was 0.23. The lung cancer risk increased with the number of pack years and FEV1 loss (p < 0.01). Moving from the 5(th) (−22% of the predicted value) to the 95(th) percentile of FEV1 loss (56% of the predicted value) increased lung cancer risk from 0.07 to 0.23 (Δ = 0.16) at 0 pack years and from 0.39 to 0.73 (Δ = 0.34) at 70 pack years (95(th) percentile). The values for Δ peaked at 61 pack years (0.34) and then decreased with a further increase in smoking exposure, without reaching the zero mark. Patients with lung cancer were more likely to have a CRP level above the median (4.05 mg/L) than patients with other cancers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.67). CONCLUSIONS: Systemic inflammation is more pronounced in patients with lung cancer than in patients with other cancers. The effect of FEV1 loss on the patients’ predicted risks of lung cancer increases with increasing smoking exposure. Measurements of FEV1 loss are useful to identify patients facing an increased risk of developing lung cancer. BioMed Central 2017-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5343303/ /pubmed/28286467 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12971-017-0122-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Wieshammer, Siegfried
Dreyhaupt, Jens
Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_full Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_short Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_sort smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28286467
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12971-017-0122-2
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