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Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers

Parathyroid cancers (PCas) are rare malignancies representing approximately 0.005% of all cancers. PCas are a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, which is the third most common endocrine disease, mainly related to parathyroid benign tumors. About 90% of PCas are hormonally active hypersecreti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Verdelli, Chiara, Corbetta, Sabrina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343846/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28157158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020310
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author Verdelli, Chiara
Corbetta, Sabrina
author_facet Verdelli, Chiara
Corbetta, Sabrina
author_sort Verdelli, Chiara
collection PubMed
description Parathyroid cancers (PCas) are rare malignancies representing approximately 0.005% of all cancers. PCas are a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, which is the third most common endocrine disease, mainly related to parathyroid benign tumors. About 90% of PCas are hormonally active hypersecreting parathormone (PTH); consequently patients present with complications of severe hypercalcemia. Pre-operative diagnosis is often difficult due to clinical features shared with benign parathyroid lesions. Surgery provides the current best chance of cure, though persistent or recurrent disease occurs in about 50% of patients with PCas. Somatic inactivating mutations of CDC73/HRPT2 gene, encoding parafibromin, are the most frequent genetic anomalies occurring in PCas. Recently, the aberrant DNA methylation signature and microRNA expression profile have been identified in PCas, providing evidence that parathyroid malignancies are distinct entities from parathyroid benign lesions, showing an epigenetic signature resembling some embryonic aspects. The present paper reviews data about epigenetic alterations in PCas, up to now limited to DNA methylation, chromatin regulators and microRNA profile.
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spelling pubmed-53438462017-03-16 Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers Verdelli, Chiara Corbetta, Sabrina Int J Mol Sci Review Parathyroid cancers (PCas) are rare malignancies representing approximately 0.005% of all cancers. PCas are a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, which is the third most common endocrine disease, mainly related to parathyroid benign tumors. About 90% of PCas are hormonally active hypersecreting parathormone (PTH); consequently patients present with complications of severe hypercalcemia. Pre-operative diagnosis is often difficult due to clinical features shared with benign parathyroid lesions. Surgery provides the current best chance of cure, though persistent or recurrent disease occurs in about 50% of patients with PCas. Somatic inactivating mutations of CDC73/HRPT2 gene, encoding parafibromin, are the most frequent genetic anomalies occurring in PCas. Recently, the aberrant DNA methylation signature and microRNA expression profile have been identified in PCas, providing evidence that parathyroid malignancies are distinct entities from parathyroid benign lesions, showing an epigenetic signature resembling some embryonic aspects. The present paper reviews data about epigenetic alterations in PCas, up to now limited to DNA methylation, chromatin regulators and microRNA profile. MDPI 2017-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5343846/ /pubmed/28157158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020310 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Verdelli, Chiara
Corbetta, Sabrina
Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title_full Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title_fullStr Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title_full_unstemmed Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title_short Epigenetic Alterations in Parathyroid Cancers
title_sort epigenetic alterations in parathyroid cancers
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343846/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28157158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020310
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