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Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Neuroinflammation plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). After activation, microglia produce pro-inflammatory mediators that damage surrounding neurons. Consequently, the inhibition of microglial activation might represent a new therapeutic approach of PD. Vanil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28208679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020389 |
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author | Yan, Xuan Liu, Dian-Feng Zhang, Xiang-Yang Liu, Dong Xu, Shi-Yao Chen, Guang-Xin Huang, Bing-Xu Ren, Wen-Zhi Wang, Wei Fu, Shou-Peng Liu, Ju-Xiong |
author_facet | Yan, Xuan Liu, Dian-Feng Zhang, Xiang-Yang Liu, Dong Xu, Shi-Yao Chen, Guang-Xin Huang, Bing-Xu Ren, Wen-Zhi Wang, Wei Fu, Shou-Peng Liu, Ju-Xiong |
author_sort | Yan, Xuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Neuroinflammation plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). After activation, microglia produce pro-inflammatory mediators that damage surrounding neurons. Consequently, the inhibition of microglial activation might represent a new therapeutic approach of PD. Vanillin has been shown to protect dopaminergic neurons, but the mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we further study the underlying mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD models. In vivo, we firstly established rat models of PD by unilateral injection of LPS into substantia nigra (SN), and then examined the role of vanillin in motor dysfunction, microglial activation and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. In vitro, murine microglial BV-2 cells were treated with vanillin prior to the incubation of LPS, and then the inflammatory responses and the related signaling pathways were analyzed. The in vivo results showed that vanillin markedly improved the motor dysfunction, suppressed degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and inhibited microglial over-activation induced by LPS intranigral injection. The in vitro studies demonstrated that vanillin reduces LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-1β, and IL-6 through regulating ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB signaling. Collectively, these data indicated that vanillin has a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons via inhibiting inflammatory activation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5343924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53439242017-03-16 Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Yan, Xuan Liu, Dian-Feng Zhang, Xiang-Yang Liu, Dong Xu, Shi-Yao Chen, Guang-Xin Huang, Bing-Xu Ren, Wen-Zhi Wang, Wei Fu, Shou-Peng Liu, Ju-Xiong Int J Mol Sci Article Neuroinflammation plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). After activation, microglia produce pro-inflammatory mediators that damage surrounding neurons. Consequently, the inhibition of microglial activation might represent a new therapeutic approach of PD. Vanillin has been shown to protect dopaminergic neurons, but the mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we further study the underlying mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PD models. In vivo, we firstly established rat models of PD by unilateral injection of LPS into substantia nigra (SN), and then examined the role of vanillin in motor dysfunction, microglial activation and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. In vitro, murine microglial BV-2 cells were treated with vanillin prior to the incubation of LPS, and then the inflammatory responses and the related signaling pathways were analyzed. The in vivo results showed that vanillin markedly improved the motor dysfunction, suppressed degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and inhibited microglial over-activation induced by LPS intranigral injection. The in vitro studies demonstrated that vanillin reduces LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-1β, and IL-6 through regulating ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB signaling. Collectively, these data indicated that vanillin has a role in protecting dopaminergic neurons via inhibiting inflammatory activation. MDPI 2017-02-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5343924/ /pubmed/28208679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020389 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yan, Xuan Liu, Dian-Feng Zhang, Xiang-Yang Liu, Dong Xu, Shi-Yao Chen, Guang-Xin Huang, Bing-Xu Ren, Wen-Zhi Wang, Wei Fu, Shou-Peng Liu, Ju-Xiong Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title | Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title_full | Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title_fullStr | Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title_full_unstemmed | Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title_short | Vanillin Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Inflammation-Mediated Cell Death by Inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
title_sort | vanillin protects dopaminergic neurons against inflammation-mediated cell death by inhibiting erk1/2, p38 and the nf-κb signaling pathway |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5343924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28208679 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms18020389 |
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