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Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective

Studies on ultra-endurance suggest that during the races, athletes typically experience three vitality states (i.e., preservation, loss, and revival) at the phenomenological level. Nevertheless, how these states contribute to the management and outcome of performance remains unclear. The aim of this...

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Autores principales: Rochat, Nadège, Hauw, Denis, Antonini Philippe, Roberta, Crettaz von Roten, Fabienne, Seifert, Ludovic
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5345849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173667
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author Rochat, Nadège
Hauw, Denis
Antonini Philippe, Roberta
Crettaz von Roten, Fabienne
Seifert, Ludovic
author_facet Rochat, Nadège
Hauw, Denis
Antonini Philippe, Roberta
Crettaz von Roten, Fabienne
Seifert, Ludovic
author_sort Rochat, Nadège
collection PubMed
description Studies on ultra-endurance suggest that during the races, athletes typically experience three vitality states (i.e., preservation, loss, and revival) at the phenomenological level. Nevertheless, how these states contribute to the management and outcome of performance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how the vitality states experienced by runners and their evolution during a trail race can be used to distinguish finishers from withdrawers. From an enactive and phenomenological framework, we processed enactive interviews and blog posts of race narratives. We distinguished units of meaning, which were grouped into sequences of experience; each sequence was then categorized as one of the three vitality states: state of vitality preservation (SVP), state of vitality loss (SVL) or state of vitality revival (SVR). We analyzed the distribution of these vitality states and their temporal organization at the beginning, in the second and third quarters, and at the end of the races, and we qualitatively characterized runners’ adaptations to SVL. Results showed that finishers completed the race in SVP, with overall significantly more sequences in SVP and significantly fewer sequences in SVL than withdrawers. SVR did not discriminate finishers from withdrawers. The temporal organization of the vitality states showed a significant difference in the emergence of SVP from the second quarter of the race, as well as a significant difference in the emergence of SVL from the third quarter of the race. The analysis of adaptations to SVL confirmed that finishers were more capable of exiting SVL by enacting a preservation world when they felt physical or psychological alerts, whereas withdrawers remained in SVL. Our results showed that finishers and withdrawers did not enact the same phenomenological worlds in the race situation, especially in the organization of vitality adaptations and their relationships to difficulties; the cumulative effect of the succession of experienced vitality states differed, as well.
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spelling pubmed-53458492017-03-30 Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective Rochat, Nadège Hauw, Denis Antonini Philippe, Roberta Crettaz von Roten, Fabienne Seifert, Ludovic PLoS One Research Article Studies on ultra-endurance suggest that during the races, athletes typically experience three vitality states (i.e., preservation, loss, and revival) at the phenomenological level. Nevertheless, how these states contribute to the management and outcome of performance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether and how the vitality states experienced by runners and their evolution during a trail race can be used to distinguish finishers from withdrawers. From an enactive and phenomenological framework, we processed enactive interviews and blog posts of race narratives. We distinguished units of meaning, which were grouped into sequences of experience; each sequence was then categorized as one of the three vitality states: state of vitality preservation (SVP), state of vitality loss (SVL) or state of vitality revival (SVR). We analyzed the distribution of these vitality states and their temporal organization at the beginning, in the second and third quarters, and at the end of the races, and we qualitatively characterized runners’ adaptations to SVL. Results showed that finishers completed the race in SVP, with overall significantly more sequences in SVP and significantly fewer sequences in SVL than withdrawers. SVR did not discriminate finishers from withdrawers. The temporal organization of the vitality states showed a significant difference in the emergence of SVP from the second quarter of the race, as well as a significant difference in the emergence of SVL from the third quarter of the race. The analysis of adaptations to SVL confirmed that finishers were more capable of exiting SVL by enacting a preservation world when they felt physical or psychological alerts, whereas withdrawers remained in SVL. Our results showed that finishers and withdrawers did not enact the same phenomenological worlds in the race situation, especially in the organization of vitality adaptations and their relationships to difficulties; the cumulative effect of the succession of experienced vitality states differed, as well. Public Library of Science 2017-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC5345849/ /pubmed/28282421 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173667 Text en © 2017 Rochat et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rochat, Nadège
Hauw, Denis
Antonini Philippe, Roberta
Crettaz von Roten, Fabienne
Seifert, Ludovic
Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title_full Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title_fullStr Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title_short Comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: An enactive and phenomenological perspective
title_sort comparison of vitality states of finishers and withdrawers in trail running: an enactive and phenomenological perspective
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5345849/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28282421
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173667
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