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Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact
The pandemic potential of zoonotic pathogens lies in their ability to become efficiently transmissible amongst humans. Here, we focus on contact-transmitted pathogens and discuss the factors, at the pathogen, host and environmental levels that promote or hinder their human-to-human transmissibility...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27907884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2016.11.004 |
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author | Richard, Mathilde Knauf, Sascha Lawrence, Philip Mather, Alison E Munster, Vincent J Müller, Marcel A Smith, Derek Kuiken, Thijs |
author_facet | Richard, Mathilde Knauf, Sascha Lawrence, Philip Mather, Alison E Munster, Vincent J Müller, Marcel A Smith, Derek Kuiken, Thijs |
author_sort | Richard, Mathilde |
collection | PubMed |
description | The pandemic potential of zoonotic pathogens lies in their ability to become efficiently transmissible amongst humans. Here, we focus on contact-transmitted pathogens and discuss the factors, at the pathogen, host and environmental levels that promote or hinder their human-to-human transmissibility via the following modes of contact transmission: skin contact, sexual contact, respiratory contact and multiple route contact. Factors common to several modes of transmission were immune evasion, high viral load, low infectious dose, crowding, promiscuity, and co-infections; other factors were specific for a pathogen or mode of contact transmission. The identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of the requirements for human-to-human spread of pathogens, as well as improving risk assessment of newly emerging pathogens. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5346033 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53460332018-02-01 Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact Richard, Mathilde Knauf, Sascha Lawrence, Philip Mather, Alison E Munster, Vincent J Müller, Marcel A Smith, Derek Kuiken, Thijs Curr Opin Virol Article The pandemic potential of zoonotic pathogens lies in their ability to become efficiently transmissible amongst humans. Here, we focus on contact-transmitted pathogens and discuss the factors, at the pathogen, host and environmental levels that promote or hinder their human-to-human transmissibility via the following modes of contact transmission: skin contact, sexual contact, respiratory contact and multiple route contact. Factors common to several modes of transmission were immune evasion, high viral load, low infectious dose, crowding, promiscuity, and co-infections; other factors were specific for a pathogen or mode of contact transmission. The identification of such factors will lead to a better understanding of the requirements for human-to-human spread of pathogens, as well as improving risk assessment of newly emerging pathogens. The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. 2017-02 2016-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5346033/ /pubmed/27907884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2016.11.004 Text en © 2016 The Authors Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Richard, Mathilde Knauf, Sascha Lawrence, Philip Mather, Alison E Munster, Vincent J Müller, Marcel A Smith, Derek Kuiken, Thijs Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title | Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title_full | Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title_fullStr | Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title_full_unstemmed | Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title_short | Factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
title_sort | factors determining human-to-human transmissibility of zoonotic pathogens via contact |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27907884 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coviro.2016.11.004 |
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