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The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome
INTRODUCTION: The determinants of cognitive deficits among individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are not well understood. This study was conducted to assess the impact of general intelligence, personality, and social engagement on cognitive performance among patients with KS and a group of cont...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346527/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28293480 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.645 |
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author | Skakkebæk, Anne Moore, Philip J. Pedersen, Anders Degn Bojesen, Anders Kristensen, Maria Krarup Fedder, Jens Laurberg, Peter Hertz, Jens Michael Østergaard, John Rosendahl Wallentin, Mikkel Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg |
author_facet | Skakkebæk, Anne Moore, Philip J. Pedersen, Anders Degn Bojesen, Anders Kristensen, Maria Krarup Fedder, Jens Laurberg, Peter Hertz, Jens Michael Østergaard, John Rosendahl Wallentin, Mikkel Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg |
author_sort | Skakkebæk, Anne |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: The determinants of cognitive deficits among individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are not well understood. This study was conducted to assess the impact of general intelligence, personality, and social engagement on cognitive performance among patients with KS and a group of controls matched for age and years of education. METHODS: Sixty‐nine patients with KS and 69 controls were assessed in terms of IQ, NEO personality inventory, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scale, and measures of cognitive performance reflecting working memory and executive function. RESULTS: Patients with KS performed more poorly on memory and executive‐function tasks. Patients with KS also exhibited greater neuroticism and less extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness than controls. Memory deficits among patients with KS were associated with lower intelligence, while diminished executive functioning was mediated by both lower intelligence and less social engagement. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that among patients with KS, memory deficits are principally a function of lower general intelligence, while executive‐function deficits are associated with both lower intelligence and poorer social skills. This suggests a potential influence of social engagement on executive cognitive functioning (and/or vice‐versa) among individuals with KS, and perhaps those with other genetic disorders. Future longitudinal research would be important to further clarify this and other issues discussed in this research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5346527 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53465272017-03-14 The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome Skakkebæk, Anne Moore, Philip J. Pedersen, Anders Degn Bojesen, Anders Kristensen, Maria Krarup Fedder, Jens Laurberg, Peter Hertz, Jens Michael Østergaard, John Rosendahl Wallentin, Mikkel Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg Brain Behav Original Research INTRODUCTION: The determinants of cognitive deficits among individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are not well understood. This study was conducted to assess the impact of general intelligence, personality, and social engagement on cognitive performance among patients with KS and a group of controls matched for age and years of education. METHODS: Sixty‐nine patients with KS and 69 controls were assessed in terms of IQ, NEO personality inventory, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) scale, and measures of cognitive performance reflecting working memory and executive function. RESULTS: Patients with KS performed more poorly on memory and executive‐function tasks. Patients with KS also exhibited greater neuroticism and less extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness than controls. Memory deficits among patients with KS were associated with lower intelligence, while diminished executive functioning was mediated by both lower intelligence and less social engagement. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that among patients with KS, memory deficits are principally a function of lower general intelligence, while executive‐function deficits are associated with both lower intelligence and poorer social skills. This suggests a potential influence of social engagement on executive cognitive functioning (and/or vice‐versa) among individuals with KS, and perhaps those with other genetic disorders. Future longitudinal research would be important to further clarify this and other issues discussed in this research. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC5346527/ /pubmed/28293480 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.645 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Skakkebæk, Anne Moore, Philip J. Pedersen, Anders Degn Bojesen, Anders Kristensen, Maria Krarup Fedder, Jens Laurberg, Peter Hertz, Jens Michael Østergaard, John Rosendahl Wallentin, Mikkel Gravholt, Claus Højbjerg The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title | The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title_full | The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title_fullStr | The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title_short | The role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in Klinefelter syndrome |
title_sort | role of genes, intelligence, personality, and social engagement in cognitive performance in klinefelter syndrome |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346527/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28293480 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/brb3.645 |
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