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Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology

Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local...

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Autores principales: Cable, Joanne, Barber, Iain, Boag, Brian, Ellison, Amy R., Morgan, Eric R., Murray, Kris, Pascoe, Emily L., Sait, Steven M., Wilson, Anthony J., Booth, Mark
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5352815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0088
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author Cable, Joanne
Barber, Iain
Boag, Brian
Ellison, Amy R.
Morgan, Eric R.
Murray, Kris
Pascoe, Emily L.
Sait, Steven M.
Wilson, Anthony J.
Booth, Mark
author_facet Cable, Joanne
Barber, Iain
Boag, Brian
Ellison, Amy R.
Morgan, Eric R.
Murray, Kris
Pascoe, Emily L.
Sait, Steven M.
Wilson, Anthony J.
Booth, Mark
author_sort Cable, Joanne
collection PubMed
description Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local and global level is critical for sustainable control in humans and livestock. Here we highlight and synthesize evidence regarding potential effects of ‘system changes’ (both climatic and anthropogenic) on parasite transmission from wild host–parasite systems. Such information could inform more efficient and sustainable parasite control programmes in domestic animals or humans. Many examples from diverse terrestrial and aquatic natural systems show how abiotic and biotic factors affected by system changes can interact additively, multiplicatively or antagonistically to influence parasite transmission, including through altered habitat structure, biodiversity, host demographics and evolution. Despite this, few studies of managed systems explicitly consider these higher-order interactions, or the subsequent effects of parasite evolution, which can conceal or exaggerate measured impacts of control actions. We call for a more integrated approach to investigating transmission dynamics, which recognizes these complexities and makes use of new technologies for data capture and monitoring, and to support robust predictions of altered parasite dynamics in a rapidly changing world. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Opening the black box: re-examining the ecology and evolution of parasite transmission’.
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spelling pubmed-53528152017-03-30 Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology Cable, Joanne Barber, Iain Boag, Brian Ellison, Amy R. Morgan, Eric R. Murray, Kris Pascoe, Emily L. Sait, Steven M. Wilson, Anthony J. Booth, Mark Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci Articles Parasitic infections are ubiquitous in wildlife, livestock and human populations, and healthy ecosystems are often parasite rich. Yet, their negative impacts can be extreme. Understanding how both anticipated and cryptic changes in a system might affect parasite transmission at an individual, local and global level is critical for sustainable control in humans and livestock. Here we highlight and synthesize evidence regarding potential effects of ‘system changes’ (both climatic and anthropogenic) on parasite transmission from wild host–parasite systems. Such information could inform more efficient and sustainable parasite control programmes in domestic animals or humans. Many examples from diverse terrestrial and aquatic natural systems show how abiotic and biotic factors affected by system changes can interact additively, multiplicatively or antagonistically to influence parasite transmission, including through altered habitat structure, biodiversity, host demographics and evolution. Despite this, few studies of managed systems explicitly consider these higher-order interactions, or the subsequent effects of parasite evolution, which can conceal or exaggerate measured impacts of control actions. We call for a more integrated approach to investigating transmission dynamics, which recognizes these complexities and makes use of new technologies for data capture and monitoring, and to support robust predictions of altered parasite dynamics in a rapidly changing world. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Opening the black box: re-examining the ecology and evolution of parasite transmission’. The Royal Society 2017-05-05 2017-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5352815/ /pubmed/28289256 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0088 Text en © 2017 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Cable, Joanne
Barber, Iain
Boag, Brian
Ellison, Amy R.
Morgan, Eric R.
Murray, Kris
Pascoe, Emily L.
Sait, Steven M.
Wilson, Anthony J.
Booth, Mark
Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title_full Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title_fullStr Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title_full_unstemmed Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title_short Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
title_sort global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5352815/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28289256
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0088
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