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Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects

BACKGROUND: Cancer screening has contributed to downward trends in cancer mortality, but is also associated with adverse effects, which highlights the importance of promoting the participation based on informed decisions. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to describe the use of cancer screening (either in organi...

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Autores principales: Costa, Ana Rute, Silva, Susana, Moura‐Ferreira, Pedro, Villaverde‐Cabral, Manuel, Santos, Osvaldo, do Carmo, Isabel, Barros, Henrique, Lunet, Nuno
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26914376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hex.12450
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author Costa, Ana Rute
Silva, Susana
Moura‐Ferreira, Pedro
Villaverde‐Cabral, Manuel
Santos, Osvaldo
do Carmo, Isabel
Barros, Henrique
Lunet, Nuno
author_facet Costa, Ana Rute
Silva, Susana
Moura‐Ferreira, Pedro
Villaverde‐Cabral, Manuel
Santos, Osvaldo
do Carmo, Isabel
Barros, Henrique
Lunet, Nuno
author_sort Costa, Ana Rute
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Cancer screening has contributed to downward trends in cancer mortality, but is also associated with adverse effects, which highlights the importance of promoting the participation based on informed decisions. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to describe the use of cancer screening (either in organized programmes or as opportunistic screening), awareness of organized programmes and perception of its potential benefits and adverse effects, depicting possible sex differences. DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated 1624 Portuguese‐speaking dwellers, aged between 16 and 79 years, through face‐to‐face interviews. To quantify sex differences, adjusted prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were computed using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Among eligible age groups, the lifetime prevalence of screening for breast and cervical cancers was 89.8 and 71.9%, respectively. The prevalence was 23.7% for colorectal cancer and no significant sex differences were observed. Prostate cancer screening was reported by 63.8% of men. Over half of the participants referred that cancers such as prostate, skin, lung and stomach should be screened for, in addition to those for which organized programmes are recommended. Reassurance by negative results was identified as the main potential benefit of screening by nearly one‐third of men and women. Anxiety while waiting for results was the most mentioned potential adverse effect (60.4%); men refer less often this and financial costs, although statistical significance of these results was borderline. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a benchmark to plan and monitor the effects of awareness‐raising interventions, as well as for international comparisons across countries with different cancer prevention and control structures.
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spelling pubmed-53540272017-04-01 Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects Costa, Ana Rute Silva, Susana Moura‐Ferreira, Pedro Villaverde‐Cabral, Manuel Santos, Osvaldo do Carmo, Isabel Barros, Henrique Lunet, Nuno Health Expect Original Research Papers BACKGROUND: Cancer screening has contributed to downward trends in cancer mortality, but is also associated with adverse effects, which highlights the importance of promoting the participation based on informed decisions. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to describe the use of cancer screening (either in organized programmes or as opportunistic screening), awareness of organized programmes and perception of its potential benefits and adverse effects, depicting possible sex differences. DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated 1624 Portuguese‐speaking dwellers, aged between 16 and 79 years, through face‐to‐face interviews. To quantify sex differences, adjusted prevalence ratios and respective 95% confidence intervals were computed using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Among eligible age groups, the lifetime prevalence of screening for breast and cervical cancers was 89.8 and 71.9%, respectively. The prevalence was 23.7% for colorectal cancer and no significant sex differences were observed. Prostate cancer screening was reported by 63.8% of men. Over half of the participants referred that cancers such as prostate, skin, lung and stomach should be screened for, in addition to those for which organized programmes are recommended. Reassurance by negative results was identified as the main potential benefit of screening by nearly one‐third of men and women. Anxiety while waiting for results was the most mentioned potential adverse effect (60.4%); men refer less often this and financial costs, although statistical significance of these results was borderline. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a benchmark to plan and monitor the effects of awareness‐raising interventions, as well as for international comparisons across countries with different cancer prevention and control structures. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2016-02-23 2017-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5354027/ /pubmed/26914376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hex.12450 Text en © 2016 The Authors. Health Expectations Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Research Papers
Costa, Ana Rute
Silva, Susana
Moura‐Ferreira, Pedro
Villaverde‐Cabral, Manuel
Santos, Osvaldo
do Carmo, Isabel
Barros, Henrique
Lunet, Nuno
Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title_full Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title_fullStr Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title_full_unstemmed Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title_short Cancer screening in Portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
title_sort cancer screening in portugal: sex differences in prevalence, awareness of organized programmes and perception of benefits and adverse effects
topic Original Research Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354027/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26914376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hex.12450
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