Extraction, purification, characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Ramaria botrytis (Pers.) Ricken

BACKGROUND: Ramaria botrytis (Pers.) Ricken, a member of the family Clavariaceae, has been widely prescribed for anti-aging and improving immunity. To extract and purify the polysaccharides, the main constituent of the fruiting-body, from R. botrytis and explore antioxidant activities was great significant. RESULTS: Ramaria botrytis polysaccharides (RBP) was extracted with water at 88.47 °C for 1.42 h with a solution to sample ratio of 10.94 mL g(−1) employing response surface methodology. Four purified fractions, RBP-1, RBP-2, RBP-3, and RBP-4, were obtained from column chromatography of DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100. Among these four purified fractions, RBP-1, RBP-2, RBP-4 were mainly composed of glucose, while RBP-3 contained 41.36% mannose and 28.96% glucose. The molecular weights of RBP-1, RBP-2, RBP-3 and RBP-4 were 6.48, 36.12, 96.72 and 8.34 kDa, respectively. These four fractions are also tested for antioxidant activities in vitro, RBP-4 exhibited strong assay of reducing power and high scavenging activity on DPPH radical, while RBP-3 showed the stronger ability of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. CONCLUSIONS: Response surface methodology was successfully applied to optimize the ultrasonic extraction of polysaccharides from R. botrytis. RBP is an efficient natural antioxidant.