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Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields

In Europe, the perennial C(4) grass miscanthus is currently mainly cultivated for energy generation via combustion. In recent years, anaerobic digestion has been identified as a promising alternative utilization pathway. Anaerobic digestion produces a higher-value intermediate (biogas), which can be...

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Autores principales: Kiesel, Andreas, Nunn, Christopher, Iqbal, Yasir, Van der Weijde, Tim, Wagner, Moritz, Özgüven, Mensure, Tarakanov, Ivan, Kalinina, Olena, Trindade, Luisa M., Clifton-Brown, John, Lewandowski, Iris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5355453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28367151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00347
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author Kiesel, Andreas
Nunn, Christopher
Iqbal, Yasir
Van der Weijde, Tim
Wagner, Moritz
Özgüven, Mensure
Tarakanov, Ivan
Kalinina, Olena
Trindade, Luisa M.
Clifton-Brown, John
Lewandowski, Iris
author_facet Kiesel, Andreas
Nunn, Christopher
Iqbal, Yasir
Van der Weijde, Tim
Wagner, Moritz
Özgüven, Mensure
Tarakanov, Ivan
Kalinina, Olena
Trindade, Luisa M.
Clifton-Brown, John
Lewandowski, Iris
author_sort Kiesel, Andreas
collection PubMed
description In Europe, the perennial C(4) grass miscanthus is currently mainly cultivated for energy generation via combustion. In recent years, anaerobic digestion has been identified as a promising alternative utilization pathway. Anaerobic digestion produces a higher-value intermediate (biogas), which can be upgraded to biomethane, stored in the existing natural gas infrastructure and further utilized as a transport fuel or in combined heat and power plants. However, the upgrading of the solid biomass into gaseous fuel leads to conversion-related energy losses, the level of which depends on the cultivation parameters genotype, location, and harvest date. Thus, site-specific crop management needs to be adapted to the intended utilization pathway. The objectives of this paper are to quantify (i) the impact of genotype, location and harvest date on energy yields of anaerobic digestion and combustion and (ii) the conversion losses of upgrading solid biomass into biogas. For this purpose, five miscanthus genotypes (OPM 3, 6, 9, 11, 14), three cultivation locations (Adana, Moscow, Stuttgart), and up to six harvest dates (August–March) were assessed. Anaerobic digestion yielded, on average, 35% less energy than combustion. Genotype, location, and harvest date all had significant impacts on the energy yield. For both, this is determined by dry matter yield and ash content and additionally by substrate-specific methane yield for anaerobic digestion and moisture content for combustion. Averaged over all locations and genotypes, an early harvest in August led to 25% and a late harvest to 45% conversion losses. However, each utilization option has its own optimal harvest date, determined by biomass yield, biomass quality, and cutting tolerance. By applying an autumn green harvest for anaerobic digestion and a delayed harvest for combustion, the conversion-related energy loss was reduced to an average of 18%. This clearly shows that the delayed harvest required to maintain biomass quality for combustion is accompanied by high energy losses through yield reduction over winter. The pre-winter harvest applied in the biogas utilization pathway avoids these yield losses and largely compensates for the conversion-related energy losses of anaerobic digestion.
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spelling pubmed-53554532017-03-31 Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields Kiesel, Andreas Nunn, Christopher Iqbal, Yasir Van der Weijde, Tim Wagner, Moritz Özgüven, Mensure Tarakanov, Ivan Kalinina, Olena Trindade, Luisa M. Clifton-Brown, John Lewandowski, Iris Front Plant Sci Plant Science In Europe, the perennial C(4) grass miscanthus is currently mainly cultivated for energy generation via combustion. In recent years, anaerobic digestion has been identified as a promising alternative utilization pathway. Anaerobic digestion produces a higher-value intermediate (biogas), which can be upgraded to biomethane, stored in the existing natural gas infrastructure and further utilized as a transport fuel or in combined heat and power plants. However, the upgrading of the solid biomass into gaseous fuel leads to conversion-related energy losses, the level of which depends on the cultivation parameters genotype, location, and harvest date. Thus, site-specific crop management needs to be adapted to the intended utilization pathway. The objectives of this paper are to quantify (i) the impact of genotype, location and harvest date on energy yields of anaerobic digestion and combustion and (ii) the conversion losses of upgrading solid biomass into biogas. For this purpose, five miscanthus genotypes (OPM 3, 6, 9, 11, 14), three cultivation locations (Adana, Moscow, Stuttgart), and up to six harvest dates (August–March) were assessed. Anaerobic digestion yielded, on average, 35% less energy than combustion. Genotype, location, and harvest date all had significant impacts on the energy yield. For both, this is determined by dry matter yield and ash content and additionally by substrate-specific methane yield for anaerobic digestion and moisture content for combustion. Averaged over all locations and genotypes, an early harvest in August led to 25% and a late harvest to 45% conversion losses. However, each utilization option has its own optimal harvest date, determined by biomass yield, biomass quality, and cutting tolerance. By applying an autumn green harvest for anaerobic digestion and a delayed harvest for combustion, the conversion-related energy loss was reduced to an average of 18%. This clearly shows that the delayed harvest required to maintain biomass quality for combustion is accompanied by high energy losses through yield reduction over winter. The pre-winter harvest applied in the biogas utilization pathway avoids these yield losses and largely compensates for the conversion-related energy losses of anaerobic digestion. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC5355453/ /pubmed/28367151 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00347 Text en Copyright © 2017 Kiesel, Nunn, Iqbal, Van der Weijde, Wagner, Özgüven, Tarakanov, Kalinina, Trindade, Clifton-Brown and Lewandowski. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Kiesel, Andreas
Nunn, Christopher
Iqbal, Yasir
Van der Weijde, Tim
Wagner, Moritz
Özgüven, Mensure
Tarakanov, Ivan
Kalinina, Olena
Trindade, Luisa M.
Clifton-Brown, John
Lewandowski, Iris
Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title_full Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title_fullStr Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title_full_unstemmed Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title_short Site-Specific Management of Miscanthus Genotypes for Combustion and Anaerobic Digestion: A Comparison of Energy Yields
title_sort site-specific management of miscanthus genotypes for combustion and anaerobic digestion: a comparison of energy yields
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5355453/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28367151
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00347
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