Predictive factor of androgen deprivation therapy for patients with advanced stage prostate cancer

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify the predictive factors for the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (PC) with or without distant metastasis. METHODS: A retrospective review of PC patients was conducted of the medical records. We enrolled 246 patients who received primary ADT. PC patients treated with ADT for presumed nonlocalized PC were evaluated on the efficacy of ADT using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) time to progression (TTP) and compared factors associated with TTP in patients with distant metastasis and patients without distant metastasis. RESULTS: A total of 246 patients were treated primarily with ADT. The median follow-up period was 20.2 months. One hundred and ninety-one patients had metastatic disease. The median TTP on ADT for the distant metastasis group was 14.8 months versus 60.1 months in the without distant metastasis group (P < 0.0001). In the univariate analysis only, PSA nadir after ADT was associated with longer TTP (hazard ratio, 10.69; 95% confidence interval, 5.56–20.57). In the multivariate analysis, high grade tumor and PSA nadir were independent factors associated with a shorter TTP. CONCLUSION: In this study of hormone-sensitive PC patients treated with ADT for nonlocalized PC, high grade tumor and PSA nadir were predicting factors of this treatment.