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Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers
PURPOSE: Interest in assessing denial is still present, despite the criticisms concerning its definition and measurement. We tried to develop a questionnaire (Illness Denial Questionnaire, IDQ) assessing patients’ and caregivers’ denial in relation to their illness/disturbance. PATIENTS AND METHODS:...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5367559/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28356745 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S128622 |
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author | Rossi Ferrario, Silvia Giorgi, Ines Baiardi, Paola Giuntoli, Laura Balestroni, Gianluigi Cerutti, Paola Manera, Marina Gabanelli, Paola Solara, Valentina Fornara, Roberta Luisetti, Michela Omarini, Pierangela Omarini, Giovanna Vidotto, Giulio |
author_facet | Rossi Ferrario, Silvia Giorgi, Ines Baiardi, Paola Giuntoli, Laura Balestroni, Gianluigi Cerutti, Paola Manera, Marina Gabanelli, Paola Solara, Valentina Fornara, Roberta Luisetti, Michela Omarini, Pierangela Omarini, Giovanna Vidotto, Giulio |
author_sort | Rossi Ferrario, Silvia |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: Interest in assessing denial is still present, despite the criticisms concerning its definition and measurement. We tried to develop a questionnaire (Illness Denial Questionnaire, IDQ) assessing patients’ and caregivers’ denial in relation to their illness/disturbance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After a preliminary study, a final version of 24 dichotomous items (true/false) was selected. We hypothesized a theoretical model with three dimensions: denial of negative emotions, resistance to change, and conscious avoidance, the first two composing the actual Denial and the last representing an independent component of the illness denial behavior. The IDQ was administered to 400 subjects (219 patients and 181 caregivers) together with the Anxiety–Depression Questionnaire – Reduced form (AD-R), in order to assess concurrent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω), and test–retest analysis were performed. RESULTS: CFA and internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s α: 0.87–0.96) indicated a clear and meaningful three-factor structure of IDQ, for both patients and caregivers. Further analyses showed good concurrent validity, with Denial and its subscale negatively associated with anxiety and depression and avoidance positively associated with anxiety and depression. The IDQ also showed a good stability (r from 0.71 to 0.87). CONCLUSION: The IDQ demonstrated good psychometric properties. Denial of negative emotions and resistance to change seem to contribute to a real expression of denial, and conscious avoidance seems to constitute a further step in the process of cognitive–affective elaboration of the illness. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5367559 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53675592017-03-29 Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers Rossi Ferrario, Silvia Giorgi, Ines Baiardi, Paola Giuntoli, Laura Balestroni, Gianluigi Cerutti, Paola Manera, Marina Gabanelli, Paola Solara, Valentina Fornara, Roberta Luisetti, Michela Omarini, Pierangela Omarini, Giovanna Vidotto, Giulio Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Original Research PURPOSE: Interest in assessing denial is still present, despite the criticisms concerning its definition and measurement. We tried to develop a questionnaire (Illness Denial Questionnaire, IDQ) assessing patients’ and caregivers’ denial in relation to their illness/disturbance. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After a preliminary study, a final version of 24 dichotomous items (true/false) was selected. We hypothesized a theoretical model with three dimensions: denial of negative emotions, resistance to change, and conscious avoidance, the first two composing the actual Denial and the last representing an independent component of the illness denial behavior. The IDQ was administered to 400 subjects (219 patients and 181 caregivers) together with the Anxiety–Depression Questionnaire – Reduced form (AD-R), in order to assess concurrent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω), and test–retest analysis were performed. RESULTS: CFA and internal consistency indices (Cronbach’s α: 0.87–0.96) indicated a clear and meaningful three-factor structure of IDQ, for both patients and caregivers. Further analyses showed good concurrent validity, with Denial and its subscale negatively associated with anxiety and depression and avoidance positively associated with anxiety and depression. The IDQ also showed a good stability (r from 0.71 to 0.87). CONCLUSION: The IDQ demonstrated good psychometric properties. Denial of negative emotions and resistance to change seem to contribute to a real expression of denial, and conscious avoidance seems to constitute a further step in the process of cognitive–affective elaboration of the illness. Dove Medical Press 2017-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5367559/ /pubmed/28356745 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S128622 Text en © 2017 Rossi Ferrario et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Rossi Ferrario, Silvia Giorgi, Ines Baiardi, Paola Giuntoli, Laura Balestroni, Gianluigi Cerutti, Paola Manera, Marina Gabanelli, Paola Solara, Valentina Fornara, Roberta Luisetti, Michela Omarini, Pierangela Omarini, Giovanna Vidotto, Giulio Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title | Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title_full | Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title_fullStr | Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title_full_unstemmed | Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title_short | Illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
title_sort | illness denial questionnaire for patients and caregivers |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5367559/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28356745 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S128622 |
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