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Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry

With the oil and gas industry growing rapidly, increasing the yield and profit require advances in technology for cost-effective production in key areas of reservoir exploration and in oil-well production-management. In this paper we review our group’s research into fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and t...

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Autores principales: Qiao, Xueguang, Shao, Zhihua, Bao, Weijia, Rong, Qiangzhou
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5375715/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28241460
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17030429
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author Qiao, Xueguang
Shao, Zhihua
Bao, Weijia
Rong, Qiangzhou
author_facet Qiao, Xueguang
Shao, Zhihua
Bao, Weijia
Rong, Qiangzhou
author_sort Qiao, Xueguang
collection PubMed
description With the oil and gas industry growing rapidly, increasing the yield and profit require advances in technology for cost-effective production in key areas of reservoir exploration and in oil-well production-management. In this paper we review our group’s research into fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and their applications in the oil industry, especially in the well-logging field. FBG sensors used for seismic exploration in the oil and gas industry need to be capable of measuring multiple physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, and acoustic waves in a hostile environment. This application requires that the FBG sensors display high sensitivity over the broad vibration frequency range of 5 Hz to 2.5 kHz, which contains the important geological information. We report the incorporation of mechanical transducers in the FBG sensors to enable enhance the sensors’ amplitude and frequency response. Whenever the FBG sensors are working within a well, they must withstand high temperatures and high pressures, up to 175 °C and 40 Mpa or more. We use femtosecond laser side-illumination to ensure that the FBGs themselves have the high temperature resistance up to 1100 °C. Using FBG sensors combined with suitable metal transducers, we have experimentally realized high- temperature and pressure measurements up to 400 °C and 100 Mpa. We introduce a novel technology of ultrasonic imaging of seismic physical models using FBG sensors, which is superior to conventional seismic exploration methods. Compared with piezoelectric transducers, FBG ultrasonic sensors demonstrate superior sensitivity, more compact structure, improved spatial resolution, high stability and immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). In the last section, we present a case study of a well-logging field to demonstrate the utility of FBG sensors in the oil and gas industry.
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spelling pubmed-53757152017-04-10 Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry Qiao, Xueguang Shao, Zhihua Bao, Weijia Rong, Qiangzhou Sensors (Basel) Review With the oil and gas industry growing rapidly, increasing the yield and profit require advances in technology for cost-effective production in key areas of reservoir exploration and in oil-well production-management. In this paper we review our group’s research into fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and their applications in the oil industry, especially in the well-logging field. FBG sensors used for seismic exploration in the oil and gas industry need to be capable of measuring multiple physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, and acoustic waves in a hostile environment. This application requires that the FBG sensors display high sensitivity over the broad vibration frequency range of 5 Hz to 2.5 kHz, which contains the important geological information. We report the incorporation of mechanical transducers in the FBG sensors to enable enhance the sensors’ amplitude and frequency response. Whenever the FBG sensors are working within a well, they must withstand high temperatures and high pressures, up to 175 °C and 40 Mpa or more. We use femtosecond laser side-illumination to ensure that the FBGs themselves have the high temperature resistance up to 1100 °C. Using FBG sensors combined with suitable metal transducers, we have experimentally realized high- temperature and pressure measurements up to 400 °C and 100 Mpa. We introduce a novel technology of ultrasonic imaging of seismic physical models using FBG sensors, which is superior to conventional seismic exploration methods. Compared with piezoelectric transducers, FBG ultrasonic sensors demonstrate superior sensitivity, more compact structure, improved spatial resolution, high stability and immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). In the last section, we present a case study of a well-logging field to demonstrate the utility of FBG sensors in the oil and gas industry. MDPI 2017-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5375715/ /pubmed/28241460 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17030429 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Qiao, Xueguang
Shao, Zhihua
Bao, Weijia
Rong, Qiangzhou
Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title_full Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title_fullStr Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title_full_unstemmed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title_short Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for the Oil Industry
title_sort fiber bragg grating sensors for the oil industry
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5375715/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28241460
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17030429
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