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Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion

Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns, and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inflamm...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Parente, Raffaella, Clark, Simon J., Inforzato, Antonio, Day, Anthony J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5378756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27942748
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2418-4
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author Parente, Raffaella
Clark, Simon J.
Inforzato, Antonio
Day, Anthony J.
author_facet Parente, Raffaella
Clark, Simon J.
Inforzato, Antonio
Day, Anthony J.
author_sort Parente, Raffaella
collection PubMed
description Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns, and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inflammatory mechanisms, and thus its tight control is crucial to prevent damage to host tissues and allow restoration of immune homeostasis. Factor H is the major soluble inhibitor of complement, where its binding to self markers (i.e., particular glycan structures) prevents complement activation and amplification on host surfaces. Not surprisingly, mutations and polymorphisms that affect recognition of self by factor H are associated with diseases of complement dysregulation, such as age-related macular degeneration and atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. In addition, pathogens (i.e., non-self) and cancer cells (i.e., altered-self) can hijack factor H to evade the immune response. Here we review recent (and not so recent) literature on the structure and function of factor H, including the emerging roles of this protein in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer.
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spelling pubmed-53787562017-04-17 Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion Parente, Raffaella Clark, Simon J. Inforzato, Antonio Day, Anthony J. Cell Mol Life Sci Review Complement is the major humoral component of the innate immune system. It recognizes pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns, and initiates the immune response in coordination with innate and adaptive immunity. When activated, the complement system unleashes powerful cytotoxic and inflammatory mechanisms, and thus its tight control is crucial to prevent damage to host tissues and allow restoration of immune homeostasis. Factor H is the major soluble inhibitor of complement, where its binding to self markers (i.e., particular glycan structures) prevents complement activation and amplification on host surfaces. Not surprisingly, mutations and polymorphisms that affect recognition of self by factor H are associated with diseases of complement dysregulation, such as age-related macular degeneration and atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome. In addition, pathogens (i.e., non-self) and cancer cells (i.e., altered-self) can hijack factor H to evade the immune response. Here we review recent (and not so recent) literature on the structure and function of factor H, including the emerging roles of this protein in the pathophysiology of infectious diseases and cancer. Springer International Publishing 2016-12-10 2017 /pmc/articles/PMC5378756/ /pubmed/27942748 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2418-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Review
Parente, Raffaella
Clark, Simon J.
Inforzato, Antonio
Day, Anthony J.
Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title_full Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title_fullStr Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title_full_unstemmed Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title_short Complement factor H in host defense and immune evasion
title_sort complement factor h in host defense and immune evasion
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5378756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27942748
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-016-2418-4
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