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Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial

INTRODUCTION: The α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose is an efficacious medicine for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the response of gut microbiota to acarbose is important, as the microbiota may have a critical role in the development of metabolic diseases, an...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Xiuying, Fang, Zhiwei, Zhang, Chunfang, Xia, Huihua, Jie, Zhuye, Han, Xueyao, Chen, Yingli, Ji, Linong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Healthcare 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5380489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28130771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0226-y
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author Zhang, Xiuying
Fang, Zhiwei
Zhang, Chunfang
Xia, Huihua
Jie, Zhuye
Han, Xueyao
Chen, Yingli
Ji, Linong
author_facet Zhang, Xiuying
Fang, Zhiwei
Zhang, Chunfang
Xia, Huihua
Jie, Zhuye
Han, Xueyao
Chen, Yingli
Ji, Linong
author_sort Zhang, Xiuying
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose is an efficacious medicine for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the response of gut microbiota to acarbose is important, as the microbiota may have a critical role in the development of metabolic diseases, and acarbose is metabolized exclusively within the gastrointestinal tract. We explored the changes in the proportion and diversity of gut microbiota before and after treatment with acarbose in patients with prediabetes. METHODS: We designed a randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial in which 52 Chinese patients with prediabetes by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with a BMI of 18–35 kg/m(2) were randomly allocated to treatment with acarbose or placebo. Gut microbiota characterizations were determined with 16S rDNA-based high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS: Of the 52 participants who entered the study, 40 (76.9%) completed the protocol. On the basis of the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) profiles, a total of 107 OTUs were significantly altered after acarbose treatment, with 76 (71%) assigned to the order of Clostridiales. Ruminococcaceae (15 OTUs) and Lachnospiraceae (22 OTUs) decreased in response to acarbose, and 48 OTUs increased by 12.8-fold, including Lactobacillaceae (8 of 9 belonging to Lactobacillus), Ruminococcaceae (6 of 11 belonging to Faecalibacterium), and Veillonellaceae (8 of 15 belonging to Dialister). At genera level, five flourished after treatment with acarbose, including Lactobacillus and Dialister, while Butyricicoccus, Phascolarctobacterium, and Ruminococcus were inhibited. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the benefits of acarbose for T2DM may correlate with the selective modulation of the gut microbiota. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Register number, ChiCTR-TTRCC-13004112. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-017-0226-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-53804892017-04-17 Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial Zhang, Xiuying Fang, Zhiwei Zhang, Chunfang Xia, Huihua Jie, Zhuye Han, Xueyao Chen, Yingli Ji, Linong Diabetes Ther Original Research INTRODUCTION: The α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose is an efficacious medicine for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the response of gut microbiota to acarbose is important, as the microbiota may have a critical role in the development of metabolic diseases, and acarbose is metabolized exclusively within the gastrointestinal tract. We explored the changes in the proportion and diversity of gut microbiota before and after treatment with acarbose in patients with prediabetes. METHODS: We designed a randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial in which 52 Chinese patients with prediabetes by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with a BMI of 18–35 kg/m(2) were randomly allocated to treatment with acarbose or placebo. Gut microbiota characterizations were determined with 16S rDNA-based high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS: Of the 52 participants who entered the study, 40 (76.9%) completed the protocol. On the basis of the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) profiles, a total of 107 OTUs were significantly altered after acarbose treatment, with 76 (71%) assigned to the order of Clostridiales. Ruminococcaceae (15 OTUs) and Lachnospiraceae (22 OTUs) decreased in response to acarbose, and 48 OTUs increased by 12.8-fold, including Lactobacillaceae (8 of 9 belonging to Lactobacillus), Ruminococcaceae (6 of 11 belonging to Faecalibacterium), and Veillonellaceae (8 of 15 belonging to Dialister). At genera level, five flourished after treatment with acarbose, including Lactobacillus and Dialister, while Butyricicoccus, Phascolarctobacterium, and Ruminococcus were inhibited. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the benefits of acarbose for T2DM may correlate with the selective modulation of the gut microbiota. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Register number, ChiCTR-TTRCC-13004112. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-017-0226-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Healthcare 2017-01-27 2017-04 /pmc/articles/PMC5380489/ /pubmed/28130771 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0226-y Text en © The Author(s) 2017 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Original Research
Zhang, Xiuying
Fang, Zhiwei
Zhang, Chunfang
Xia, Huihua
Jie, Zhuye
Han, Xueyao
Chen, Yingli
Ji, Linong
Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title_full Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title_fullStr Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title_short Effects of Acarbose on the Gut Microbiota of Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Crossover Trial
title_sort effects of acarbose on the gut microbiota of prediabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind, controlled crossover trial
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5380489/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28130771
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13300-017-0226-y
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