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A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5)
We present a simple and quick system for accurately scoring the developmental progress of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5). Based solely on the external appearance of the maturing forelimb, we provide a convenient way to distinguish six developmental sub‐stages. Using a variety of...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5382591/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12590 |
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author | Geyer, Stefan H. Reissig, Lukas Rose, Julia Wilson, Robert Prin, Fabrice Szumska, Dorota Ramirez‐Solis, Ramiro Tudor, Catherine White, Jacqui Mohun, Timothy J. Weninger, Wolfgang J. |
author_facet | Geyer, Stefan H. Reissig, Lukas Rose, Julia Wilson, Robert Prin, Fabrice Szumska, Dorota Ramirez‐Solis, Ramiro Tudor, Catherine White, Jacqui Mohun, Timothy J. Weninger, Wolfgang J. |
author_sort | Geyer, Stefan H. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We present a simple and quick system for accurately scoring the developmental progress of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5). Based solely on the external appearance of the maturing forelimb, we provide a convenient way to distinguish six developmental sub‐stages. Using a variety of objective morphometric data obtained from the commonly used C57BL/6N mouse strain, we show that these stages correlate precisely with the growth of the entire embryo and its organs. Applying the new staging system to phenotype analyses of E14.5 embryos of 58 embryonic lethal null mutant lines from the DMDD research programme (https://dmdd.org.uk) and its pilot, we show that homozygous mutant embryos are frequently delayed in development. To demonstrate the importance of our staging system for correct phenotype interpretation, we describe stage‐specific changes of the palate, heart and gut, and provide examples in which correct diagnosis of malformations relies on correct staging. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5382591 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53825912017-04-11 A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) Geyer, Stefan H. Reissig, Lukas Rose, Julia Wilson, Robert Prin, Fabrice Szumska, Dorota Ramirez‐Solis, Ramiro Tudor, Catherine White, Jacqui Mohun, Timothy J. Weninger, Wolfgang J. J Anat Original Articles We present a simple and quick system for accurately scoring the developmental progress of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5). Based solely on the external appearance of the maturing forelimb, we provide a convenient way to distinguish six developmental sub‐stages. Using a variety of objective morphometric data obtained from the commonly used C57BL/6N mouse strain, we show that these stages correlate precisely with the growth of the entire embryo and its organs. Applying the new staging system to phenotype analyses of E14.5 embryos of 58 embryonic lethal null mutant lines from the DMDD research programme (https://dmdd.org.uk) and its pilot, we show that homozygous mutant embryos are frequently delayed in development. To demonstrate the importance of our staging system for correct phenotype interpretation, we describe stage‐specific changes of the palate, heart and gut, and provide examples in which correct diagnosis of malformations relies on correct staging. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2017-02-09 2017-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5382591/ /pubmed/28185240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12590 Text en © 2017 The Authors Journal of Anatomy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Anatomical Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Geyer, Stefan H. Reissig, Lukas Rose, Julia Wilson, Robert Prin, Fabrice Szumska, Dorota Ramirez‐Solis, Ramiro Tudor, Catherine White, Jacqui Mohun, Timothy J. Weninger, Wolfgang J. A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title | A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title_full | A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title_fullStr | A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title_full_unstemmed | A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title_short | A staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (E14.5) |
title_sort | staging system for correct phenotype interpretation of mouse embryos harvested on embryonic day 14 (e14.5) |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5382591/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12590 |
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