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Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation

INTRODUCTION: Lumbar hernias occur mostly in the posterolateral region of IVDs and mechanical loading is an important risk factor. Studies show that dynamic and static overloading affect the nucleus and annulus of the IVD differently. We hypothesize there is also variance in the effect of overloadin...

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Autores principales: Paul, Cornelis P. L., de Graaf, Magda, Bisschop, Arno, Holewijn, Roderick M., van de Ven, Peter M., van Royen, Barend J., Mullender, Margriet G., Smit, Theodoor H., Helder, Marco N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5383039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384266
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174278
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author Paul, Cornelis P. L.
de Graaf, Magda
Bisschop, Arno
Holewijn, Roderick M.
van de Ven, Peter M.
van Royen, Barend J.
Mullender, Margriet G.
Smit, Theodoor H.
Helder, Marco N.
author_facet Paul, Cornelis P. L.
de Graaf, Magda
Bisschop, Arno
Holewijn, Roderick M.
van de Ven, Peter M.
van Royen, Barend J.
Mullender, Margriet G.
Smit, Theodoor H.
Helder, Marco N.
author_sort Paul, Cornelis P. L.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Lumbar hernias occur mostly in the posterolateral region of IVDs and mechanical loading is an important risk factor. Studies show that dynamic and static overloading affect the nucleus and annulus of the IVD differently. We hypothesize there is also variance in the effect of overloading on the IVD’s anterior, lateral and posterior annulus, which could explain the predilection of herniations in the posterolateral region. We assessed the regional mechanical and cellular responses of lumbar caprine discs to dynamic and static overloading. MATERIAL AND METHODS: IVDs (n = 125) were cultured in a bioreactor and subjected to simulated-physiological loading (SPL), high dynamic (HD), or high static (HS) overloading. The effect of loading was determined in five disc regions: nucleus, inner-annulus and anterior, lateral and posterior outer-annulus. IVD height loss and external pressure transfer during loading were measured, cell viability was mapped and quantified, and matrix integrity was assessed. RESULTS: During culture, overloaded IVDs lost a significant amount of height, yet the distribution of axial pressure remained unchanged. HD loading caused cell death and disruption of matrix in all IVD regions, whereas HS loading particularly affected cell viability and matrix integrity in the posterior region of the outer annulus. CONCLUSION: Axial overloading is detrimental to the lumbar IVD. Static overloading affects the posterior annulus more strongly, while the nucleus is relatively spared. Hence, static overloading predisposes the disc for posterior herniation. These findings could have implications for working conditions, in particular of sedentary occupations, and the design of interventions aimed at prevention and treatment of early intervertebral disc degeneration.
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spelling pubmed-53830392017-05-03 Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation Paul, Cornelis P. L. de Graaf, Magda Bisschop, Arno Holewijn, Roderick M. van de Ven, Peter M. van Royen, Barend J. Mullender, Margriet G. Smit, Theodoor H. Helder, Marco N. PLoS One Research Article INTRODUCTION: Lumbar hernias occur mostly in the posterolateral region of IVDs and mechanical loading is an important risk factor. Studies show that dynamic and static overloading affect the nucleus and annulus of the IVD differently. We hypothesize there is also variance in the effect of overloading on the IVD’s anterior, lateral and posterior annulus, which could explain the predilection of herniations in the posterolateral region. We assessed the regional mechanical and cellular responses of lumbar caprine discs to dynamic and static overloading. MATERIAL AND METHODS: IVDs (n = 125) were cultured in a bioreactor and subjected to simulated-physiological loading (SPL), high dynamic (HD), or high static (HS) overloading. The effect of loading was determined in five disc regions: nucleus, inner-annulus and anterior, lateral and posterior outer-annulus. IVD height loss and external pressure transfer during loading were measured, cell viability was mapped and quantified, and matrix integrity was assessed. RESULTS: During culture, overloaded IVDs lost a significant amount of height, yet the distribution of axial pressure remained unchanged. HD loading caused cell death and disruption of matrix in all IVD regions, whereas HS loading particularly affected cell viability and matrix integrity in the posterior region of the outer annulus. CONCLUSION: Axial overloading is detrimental to the lumbar IVD. Static overloading affects the posterior annulus more strongly, while the nucleus is relatively spared. Hence, static overloading predisposes the disc for posterior herniation. These findings could have implications for working conditions, in particular of sedentary occupations, and the design of interventions aimed at prevention and treatment of early intervertebral disc degeneration. Public Library of Science 2017-04-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5383039/ /pubmed/28384266 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174278 Text en © 2017 Paul et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Paul, Cornelis P. L.
de Graaf, Magda
Bisschop, Arno
Holewijn, Roderick M.
van de Ven, Peter M.
van Royen, Barend J.
Mullender, Margriet G.
Smit, Theodoor H.
Helder, Marco N.
Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title_full Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title_fullStr Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title_full_unstemmed Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title_short Static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
title_sort static axial overloading primes lumbar caprine intervertebral discs for posterior herniation
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5383039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384266
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174278
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