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The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver

The composition of leukocytes in the liver is highly distinct from that of the blood and lymphoid organs. In particular, the liver is highly enriched in non-conventional T cells such as natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. In addition, there are signific...

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Autores principales: McNamara, Hayley A, Cockburn, Ian A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28435674
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cti.2016.84
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author McNamara, Hayley A
Cockburn, Ian A
author_facet McNamara, Hayley A
Cockburn, Ian A
author_sort McNamara, Hayley A
collection PubMed
description The composition of leukocytes in the liver is highly distinct from that of the blood and lymphoid organs. In particular, the liver is highly enriched in non-conventional T cells such as natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. In addition, there are significant populations of tissue-resident NK cells (or innate lymphoid cells (ILC1)) and memory CD8(+) T cells. These cells are joined in conditions of inflammation by neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. In recent years a multitude of studies have generated insights into how these cells arrest, move and remain resident in the liver. This new understanding has largely been due to the use of intra-vital microscopy to track immune cells in the liver, coupled with gene expression profiling and parabiosis techniques. These studies have revealed that leukocyte recruitment in the liver does not correspond to the classical paradigm of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Rather, both lymphoid and myeloid cells have been found to adhere in the liver sinusoids in a platelet-dependent manner. Leukocytes have also been observed to patrol the hepatic sinusoids using a characteristic crawling motility. Moreover, T cells have been observed surveying hepatocytes for antigen through the unique fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoids, potentially negating the need for extravasation. In this review we highlight some of these recent discoveries and examine the different molecular interactions required for the recruitment, retention and—in some cases—residence of diverse leukocyte populations within the liver.
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spelling pubmed-53842872017-04-23 The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver McNamara, Hayley A Cockburn, Ian A Clin Transl Immunology Review The composition of leukocytes in the liver is highly distinct from that of the blood and lymphoid organs. In particular, the liver is highly enriched in non-conventional T cells such as natural killer T (NKT) cells, γδ T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. In addition, there are significant populations of tissue-resident NK cells (or innate lymphoid cells (ILC1)) and memory CD8(+) T cells. These cells are joined in conditions of inflammation by neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. In recent years a multitude of studies have generated insights into how these cells arrest, move and remain resident in the liver. This new understanding has largely been due to the use of intra-vital microscopy to track immune cells in the liver, coupled with gene expression profiling and parabiosis techniques. These studies have revealed that leukocyte recruitment in the liver does not correspond to the classical paradigm of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Rather, both lymphoid and myeloid cells have been found to adhere in the liver sinusoids in a platelet-dependent manner. Leukocytes have also been observed to patrol the hepatic sinusoids using a characteristic crawling motility. Moreover, T cells have been observed surveying hepatocytes for antigen through the unique fenestrated endothelium of the liver sinusoids, potentially negating the need for extravasation. In this review we highlight some of these recent discoveries and examine the different molecular interactions required for the recruitment, retention and—in some cases—residence of diverse leukocyte populations within the liver. Nature Publishing Group 2016-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5384287/ /pubmed/28435674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cti.2016.84 Text en Copyright © 2016 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
spellingShingle Review
McNamara, Hayley A
Cockburn, Ian A
The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title_full The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title_fullStr The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title_full_unstemmed The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title_short The three Rs: Recruitment, Retention and Residence of leukocytes in the liver
title_sort three rs: recruitment, retention and residence of leukocytes in the liver
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384287/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28435674
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cti.2016.84
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