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Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents
Increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has been linked to higher rates of obesity. Using functional MRI, we assessed brain perfusion responses to drinking two commonly consumed monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, in obese and lean adolescents. Marked differences were observed. In response...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Diabetes Association
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384636/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27207544 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db15-1216 |
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author | Jastreboff, Ania M. Sinha, Rajita Arora, Jagriti Giannini, Cosimo Kubat, Jessica Malik, Saima Van Name, Michelle A. Santoro, Nicola Savoye, Mary Duran, Elvira J. Pierpont, Bridget Cline, Gary Constable, R. Todd Sherwin, Robert S. Caprio, Sonia |
author_facet | Jastreboff, Ania M. Sinha, Rajita Arora, Jagriti Giannini, Cosimo Kubat, Jessica Malik, Saima Van Name, Michelle A. Santoro, Nicola Savoye, Mary Duran, Elvira J. Pierpont, Bridget Cline, Gary Constable, R. Todd Sherwin, Robert S. Caprio, Sonia |
author_sort | Jastreboff, Ania M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has been linked to higher rates of obesity. Using functional MRI, we assessed brain perfusion responses to drinking two commonly consumed monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, in obese and lean adolescents. Marked differences were observed. In response to drinking glucose, obese adolescents exhibited decreased brain perfusion in brain regions involved in executive function (prefrontal cortex [PFC]) and increased perfusion in homeostatic appetite regions of the brain (hypothalamus). Conversely, in response to drinking glucose, lean adolescents demonstrated increased PFC brain perfusion and no change in perfusion in the hypothalamus. In addition, obese adolescents demonstrated attenuated suppression of serum acyl-ghrelin and increased circulating insulin level after glucose ingestion; furthermore, the change in acyl-ghrelin and insulin levels after both glucose and fructose ingestion was associated with increased hypothalamic, thalamic, and hippocampal blood flow in obese relative to lean adolescents. Additionally, in all subjects there was greater perfusion in the ventral striatum with fructose relative to glucose ingestion. Finally, reduced connectivity between executive, homeostatic, and hedonic brain regions was observed in obese adolescents. These data demonstrate that obese adolescents have impaired prefrontal executive control responses to drinking glucose and fructose, while their homeostatic and hedonic responses appear to be heightened. Thus, obesity-related brain adaptations to glucose and fructose consumption in obese adolescents may contribute to excessive consumption of glucose and fructose, thereby promoting further weight gain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5384636 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | American Diabetes Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53846362017-07-01 Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents Jastreboff, Ania M. Sinha, Rajita Arora, Jagriti Giannini, Cosimo Kubat, Jessica Malik, Saima Van Name, Michelle A. Santoro, Nicola Savoye, Mary Duran, Elvira J. Pierpont, Bridget Cline, Gary Constable, R. Todd Sherwin, Robert S. Caprio, Sonia Diabetes Obesity Studies Increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has been linked to higher rates of obesity. Using functional MRI, we assessed brain perfusion responses to drinking two commonly consumed monosaccharides, glucose and fructose, in obese and lean adolescents. Marked differences were observed. In response to drinking glucose, obese adolescents exhibited decreased brain perfusion in brain regions involved in executive function (prefrontal cortex [PFC]) and increased perfusion in homeostatic appetite regions of the brain (hypothalamus). Conversely, in response to drinking glucose, lean adolescents demonstrated increased PFC brain perfusion and no change in perfusion in the hypothalamus. In addition, obese adolescents demonstrated attenuated suppression of serum acyl-ghrelin and increased circulating insulin level after glucose ingestion; furthermore, the change in acyl-ghrelin and insulin levels after both glucose and fructose ingestion was associated with increased hypothalamic, thalamic, and hippocampal blood flow in obese relative to lean adolescents. Additionally, in all subjects there was greater perfusion in the ventral striatum with fructose relative to glucose ingestion. Finally, reduced connectivity between executive, homeostatic, and hedonic brain regions was observed in obese adolescents. These data demonstrate that obese adolescents have impaired prefrontal executive control responses to drinking glucose and fructose, while their homeostatic and hedonic responses appear to be heightened. Thus, obesity-related brain adaptations to glucose and fructose consumption in obese adolescents may contribute to excessive consumption of glucose and fructose, thereby promoting further weight gain. American Diabetes Association 2016-07 2016-04-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5384636/ /pubmed/27207544 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db15-1216 Text en © 2016 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. |
spellingShingle | Obesity Studies Jastreboff, Ania M. Sinha, Rajita Arora, Jagriti Giannini, Cosimo Kubat, Jessica Malik, Saima Van Name, Michelle A. Santoro, Nicola Savoye, Mary Duran, Elvira J. Pierpont, Bridget Cline, Gary Constable, R. Todd Sherwin, Robert S. Caprio, Sonia Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title | Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title_full | Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title_fullStr | Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title_full_unstemmed | Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title_short | Altered Brain Response to Drinking Glucose and Fructose in Obese Adolescents |
title_sort | altered brain response to drinking glucose and fructose in obese adolescents |
topic | Obesity Studies |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384636/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27207544 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db15-1216 |
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