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Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics
The evolutionary transition from a solitary to a social lifestyle entails an elevated parasite cost because the social proximity associated with group living favors parasite transmission. Despite this cost, sociality is widespread in a large range of taxonomic groups. In this context, hosts would be...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28435875 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601721 |
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author | Poirotte, Clémence Massol, François Herbert, Anaïs Willaume, Eric Bomo, Pacelle M. Kappeler, Peter M. Charpentier, Marie J. E. |
author_facet | Poirotte, Clémence Massol, François Herbert, Anaïs Willaume, Eric Bomo, Pacelle M. Kappeler, Peter M. Charpentier, Marie J. E. |
author_sort | Poirotte, Clémence |
collection | PubMed |
description | The evolutionary transition from a solitary to a social lifestyle entails an elevated parasite cost because the social proximity associated with group living favors parasite transmission. Despite this cost, sociality is widespread in a large range of taxonomic groups. In this context, hosts would be expected to have evolved behavioral mechanisms to reduce the risk of parasite infection. Few empirical studies have focused on the influence of pathogen-mediated selection on the evolution of antiparasitic behavior in wild vertebrates. We report an adaptive functional relationship between parasitism and social behavior in mandrills, associated with evidence that they are able to gauge parasite status of their group members. Using long-term observations, controlled experiments, and chemical analyses, we show that (i) wild mandrills avoid grooming conspecifics infected with orofecally transmitted parasites; (ii) mandrills receive significantly more grooming after treatment that targets these parasites; (iii) parasitism influences the host’s fecal odors; and (iv) mandrills selectively avoid fecal material from parasitized conspecifics. These behavioral adaptations reveal that selecting safe social partners may help primates to cope with parasite-mediated costs of sociality and that “behavioral immunity” plays a crucial role in the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their parasites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5384805 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53848052017-04-21 Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics Poirotte, Clémence Massol, François Herbert, Anaïs Willaume, Eric Bomo, Pacelle M. Kappeler, Peter M. Charpentier, Marie J. E. Sci Adv Research Articles The evolutionary transition from a solitary to a social lifestyle entails an elevated parasite cost because the social proximity associated with group living favors parasite transmission. Despite this cost, sociality is widespread in a large range of taxonomic groups. In this context, hosts would be expected to have evolved behavioral mechanisms to reduce the risk of parasite infection. Few empirical studies have focused on the influence of pathogen-mediated selection on the evolution of antiparasitic behavior in wild vertebrates. We report an adaptive functional relationship between parasitism and social behavior in mandrills, associated with evidence that they are able to gauge parasite status of their group members. Using long-term observations, controlled experiments, and chemical analyses, we show that (i) wild mandrills avoid grooming conspecifics infected with orofecally transmitted parasites; (ii) mandrills receive significantly more grooming after treatment that targets these parasites; (iii) parasitism influences the host’s fecal odors; and (iv) mandrills selectively avoid fecal material from parasitized conspecifics. These behavioral adaptations reveal that selecting safe social partners may help primates to cope with parasite-mediated costs of sociality and that “behavioral immunity” plays a crucial role in the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their parasites. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2017-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5384805/ /pubmed/28435875 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601721 Text en Copyright © 2017, The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Poirotte, Clémence Massol, François Herbert, Anaïs Willaume, Eric Bomo, Pacelle M. Kappeler, Peter M. Charpentier, Marie J. E. Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title | Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title_full | Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title_fullStr | Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title_full_unstemmed | Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title_short | Mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
title_sort | mandrills use olfaction to socially avoid parasitized conspecifics |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5384805/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28435875 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601721 |
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