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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis

BACKGROUND: Babesiosis is endemic in selected areas in North America. Babesia infection is commonly associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia and elevated liver enzymes. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is known to be caused by parasitic and viral infections but has not been well char...

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Autores principales: Narurkar, Roshni, Mamorska-Dyga, Aleksandra, Nelson, John C., Liu, Delong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5385069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28405337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-017-0095-6
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author Narurkar, Roshni
Mamorska-Dyga, Aleksandra
Nelson, John C.
Liu, Delong
author_facet Narurkar, Roshni
Mamorska-Dyga, Aleksandra
Nelson, John C.
Liu, Delong
author_sort Narurkar, Roshni
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Babesiosis is endemic in selected areas in North America. Babesia infection is commonly associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia and elevated liver enzymes. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is known to be caused by parasitic and viral infections but has not been well characterized. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe two cases diagnosed with babesiosis triggering severe AIHA. One case had history of splenectomy, and the other was an elderly patient. Older, immunocompromised and asplenic patients may be particularly at risk for post-babesiosis AIHA (PB-AIHA). CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis for conventional AIHA and PB-AIHA appears to be different, since splenectomy is a treatment for conventional AIHA, whereas PB-AIHA is seen more often in asplenic patients. Further investigation into this intriguing mechanism of host immune response to babesiosis may help to elucidate the overall mechanism of infection- triggered AIHA.
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spelling pubmed-53850692017-04-12 Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis Narurkar, Roshni Mamorska-Dyga, Aleksandra Nelson, John C. Liu, Delong Biomark Res Case Report BACKGROUND: Babesiosis is endemic in selected areas in North America. Babesia infection is commonly associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia and elevated liver enzymes. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is known to be caused by parasitic and viral infections but has not been well characterized. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe two cases diagnosed with babesiosis triggering severe AIHA. One case had history of splenectomy, and the other was an elderly patient. Older, immunocompromised and asplenic patients may be particularly at risk for post-babesiosis AIHA (PB-AIHA). CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis for conventional AIHA and PB-AIHA appears to be different, since splenectomy is a treatment for conventional AIHA, whereas PB-AIHA is seen more often in asplenic patients. Further investigation into this intriguing mechanism of host immune response to babesiosis may help to elucidate the overall mechanism of infection- triggered AIHA. BioMed Central 2017-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC5385069/ /pubmed/28405337 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-017-0095-6 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Case Report
Narurkar, Roshni
Mamorska-Dyga, Aleksandra
Nelson, John C.
Liu, Delong
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title_full Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title_fullStr Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title_full_unstemmed Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title_short Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
title_sort autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5385069/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28405337
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40364-017-0095-6
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