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Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to explore the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment (EE) on white matter glial changes in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). METHODS: A total of 74 wild-type male C57BL/6J mice unde...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28399892 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12974-017-0850-5 |
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author | Hase, Yoshiki Craggs, Lucinda Hase, Mai Stevenson, William Slade, Janet Lopez, Dianne Mehta, Rubin Chen, Aiqing Liang, Di Oakley, Arthur Ihara, Masafumi Horsburgh, Karen Kalaria, Raj N. |
author_facet | Hase, Yoshiki Craggs, Lucinda Hase, Mai Stevenson, William Slade, Janet Lopez, Dianne Mehta, Rubin Chen, Aiqing Liang, Di Oakley, Arthur Ihara, Masafumi Horsburgh, Karen Kalaria, Raj N. |
author_sort | Hase, Yoshiki |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: This study was designed to explore the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment (EE) on white matter glial changes in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). METHODS: A total of 74 wild-type male C57BL/6J mice underwent BCAS or sham surgery. One week after surgery, the mice were randomly assigned into three different groups having varied amounts of EE—standard housing with no EE conditions (std), limited exposure with 3 h EE a day (3 h) and full-time exposure to EE (full) for 12 weeks. At 16 weeks after BCAS surgery, behavioural and cognitive function were assessed prior to euthanasia. Brain tissues were analysed for the degree of gliosis including morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia. RESULTS: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (or BCAS) increased clasmatodendrocytes (damaged astrocytes) with disruption of aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity and an increased degree of microglial activation/proliferation. BCAS also impaired behavioural and cognitive function. These changes were significantly attenuated, by limited exposure compared to full-time exposure to EE. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that moderate or limited exposure to EE substantially reduced glial damage/activation. Our findings also suggest moderate rather than continuous exposure to EE is beneficial for patients with subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia characterised by white matter disease-related inflammation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5387261 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53872612017-04-11 Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion Hase, Yoshiki Craggs, Lucinda Hase, Mai Stevenson, William Slade, Janet Lopez, Dianne Mehta, Rubin Chen, Aiqing Liang, Di Oakley, Arthur Ihara, Masafumi Horsburgh, Karen Kalaria, Raj N. J Neuroinflammation Research BACKGROUND: This study was designed to explore the beneficial effects of environmental enrichment (EE) on white matter glial changes in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). METHODS: A total of 74 wild-type male C57BL/6J mice underwent BCAS or sham surgery. One week after surgery, the mice were randomly assigned into three different groups having varied amounts of EE—standard housing with no EE conditions (std), limited exposure with 3 h EE a day (3 h) and full-time exposure to EE (full) for 12 weeks. At 16 weeks after BCAS surgery, behavioural and cognitive function were assessed prior to euthanasia. Brain tissues were analysed for the degree of gliosis including morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia. RESULTS: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (or BCAS) increased clasmatodendrocytes (damaged astrocytes) with disruption of aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity and an increased degree of microglial activation/proliferation. BCAS also impaired behavioural and cognitive function. These changes were significantly attenuated, by limited exposure compared to full-time exposure to EE. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that moderate or limited exposure to EE substantially reduced glial damage/activation. Our findings also suggest moderate rather than continuous exposure to EE is beneficial for patients with subcortical ischaemic vascular dementia characterised by white matter disease-related inflammation. BioMed Central 2017-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5387261/ /pubmed/28399892 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12974-017-0850-5 Text en © The Author(s). 2017 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Hase, Yoshiki Craggs, Lucinda Hase, Mai Stevenson, William Slade, Janet Lopez, Dianne Mehta, Rubin Chen, Aiqing Liang, Di Oakley, Arthur Ihara, Masafumi Horsburgh, Karen Kalaria, Raj N. Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title | Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title_full | Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title_fullStr | Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title_short | Effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
title_sort | effects of environmental enrichment on white matter glial responses in a mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387261/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28399892 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12974-017-0850-5 |
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