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Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia

BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a disorder characterized by progressive cicatricial alopecia (CA). Its classification as a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP) or as a unique disorder is controversial. The presence of Langerhans cells within the bulge area and the sebaceous...

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Autores principales: Cerqueira, Emanuella RD, Valente, Neusa, Sotto, Mírian Nacagami, Romiti, Ricardo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28442882
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.203179
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author Cerqueira, Emanuella RD
Valente, Neusa
Sotto, Mírian Nacagami
Romiti, Ricardo
author_facet Cerqueira, Emanuella RD
Valente, Neusa
Sotto, Mírian Nacagami
Romiti, Ricardo
author_sort Cerqueira, Emanuella RD
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a disorder characterized by progressive cicatricial alopecia (CA). Its classification as a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP) or as a unique disorder is controversial. The presence of Langerhans cells within the bulge area and the sebaceous epithelium and the presence of lymphocytic infiltrate in this area in CA have led to a series of hypotheses, although limited, about their development. To our knowledge, scarce is the literature demonstrating immunoanalytical studies comparing both disorders. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to describe diagnostic findings, comorbidities, and immunopathological features of female patients with FFA as compared to LPP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included patients given the diagnosis of FFA or LPP. The LPP activity index was used to evaluate objective signs and subjective symptoms. Biopsy specimens were obtained from active, inflammatory areas of the scalp, and the inflammatory infiltrate intensity and quality were compared. Direct immunofluorescence for IgA, IgM, and IgG and immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the expression of CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, and 2,3-dioxygenase indoleamine were performed. RESULTS: Twenty female patients (10 patients with FFA and 10 patients with LPP) were included in the study. Histopathological findings evidenced reduced number of hair follicles and perifollicular fibrosis in both disorders. Immunofluorescence findings resulted positive in 50% of FFA cases and 40% of LPP cases. CONCLUSION: Although clinically different, our findings suggest that there are, to date, no histological or immunological findings that allow us to accurately separate these two forms of scarring alopecia, namely FFA and LPP.
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spelling pubmed-53878862017-04-25 Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia Cerqueira, Emanuella RD Valente, Neusa Sotto, Mírian Nacagami Romiti, Ricardo Int J Trichology Update BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a disorder characterized by progressive cicatricial alopecia (CA). Its classification as a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP) or as a unique disorder is controversial. The presence of Langerhans cells within the bulge area and the sebaceous epithelium and the presence of lymphocytic infiltrate in this area in CA have led to a series of hypotheses, although limited, about their development. To our knowledge, scarce is the literature demonstrating immunoanalytical studies comparing both disorders. OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to describe diagnostic findings, comorbidities, and immunopathological features of female patients with FFA as compared to LPP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included patients given the diagnosis of FFA or LPP. The LPP activity index was used to evaluate objective signs and subjective symptoms. Biopsy specimens were obtained from active, inflammatory areas of the scalp, and the inflammatory infiltrate intensity and quality were compared. Direct immunofluorescence for IgA, IgM, and IgG and immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the expression of CD1a, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, and 2,3-dioxygenase indoleamine were performed. RESULTS: Twenty female patients (10 patients with FFA and 10 patients with LPP) were included in the study. Histopathological findings evidenced reduced number of hair follicles and perifollicular fibrosis in both disorders. Immunofluorescence findings resulted positive in 50% of FFA cases and 40% of LPP cases. CONCLUSION: Although clinically different, our findings suggest that there are, to date, no histological or immunological findings that allow us to accurately separate these two forms of scarring alopecia, namely FFA and LPP. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5387886/ /pubmed/28442882 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.203179 Text en Copyright: © 2017 International Journal of Trichology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Update
Cerqueira, Emanuella RD
Valente, Neusa
Sotto, Mírian Nacagami
Romiti, Ricardo
Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title_full Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title_fullStr Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title_full_unstemmed Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title_short Comparative Analysis of Immunopathological Features of Lichen Planopilaris and Female Patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia
title_sort comparative analysis of immunopathological features of lichen planopilaris and female patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia
topic Update
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5387886/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28442882
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7753.203179
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