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Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis
Cool ambient temperatures are major cues determining flowering time in spring. The mechanisms promoting or delaying flowering in response to ambient temperature changes are only beginning to be understood. In Arabidopsis thaliana, FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM) regulates flowering in the ambient temperatur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388537/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28294941 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22114 |
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author | Lutz, Ulrich Nussbaumer, Thomas Spannagl, Manuel Diener, Julia Mayer, Klaus FX Schwechheimer, Claus |
author_facet | Lutz, Ulrich Nussbaumer, Thomas Spannagl, Manuel Diener, Julia Mayer, Klaus FX Schwechheimer, Claus |
author_sort | Lutz, Ulrich |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cool ambient temperatures are major cues determining flowering time in spring. The mechanisms promoting or delaying flowering in response to ambient temperature changes are only beginning to be understood. In Arabidopsis thaliana, FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM) regulates flowering in the ambient temperature range and FLM is transcribed and alternatively spliced in a temperature-dependent manner. We identify polymorphic promoter and intronic sequences required for FLM expression and splicing. In transgenic experiments covering 69% of the available sequence variation in two distinct sites, we show that variation in the abundance of the FLM-ß splice form strictly correlate (R(2) = 0.94) with flowering time over an extended vegetative period. The FLM polymorphisms lead to changes in FLM expression (PRO2+) but may also affect FLM intron 1 splicing (INT6+). This information could serve to buffer the anticipated negative effects on agricultural systems and flowering that may occur during climate change. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22114.001 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5388537 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53885372017-04-14 Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis Lutz, Ulrich Nussbaumer, Thomas Spannagl, Manuel Diener, Julia Mayer, Klaus FX Schwechheimer, Claus eLife Plant Biology Cool ambient temperatures are major cues determining flowering time in spring. The mechanisms promoting or delaying flowering in response to ambient temperature changes are only beginning to be understood. In Arabidopsis thaliana, FLOWERING LOCUS M (FLM) regulates flowering in the ambient temperature range and FLM is transcribed and alternatively spliced in a temperature-dependent manner. We identify polymorphic promoter and intronic sequences required for FLM expression and splicing. In transgenic experiments covering 69% of the available sequence variation in two distinct sites, we show that variation in the abundance of the FLM-ß splice form strictly correlate (R(2) = 0.94) with flowering time over an extended vegetative period. The FLM polymorphisms lead to changes in FLM expression (PRO2+) but may also affect FLM intron 1 splicing (INT6+). This information could serve to buffer the anticipated negative effects on agricultural systems and flowering that may occur during climate change. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22114.001 eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2017-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5388537/ /pubmed/28294941 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22114 Text en © 2017, Lutz et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Plant Biology Lutz, Ulrich Nussbaumer, Thomas Spannagl, Manuel Diener, Julia Mayer, Klaus FX Schwechheimer, Claus Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title | Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title_full | Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title_fullStr | Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title_full_unstemmed | Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title_short | Natural haplotypes of FLM non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in Arabidopsis |
title_sort | natural haplotypes of flm non-coding sequences fine-tune flowering time in ambient spring temperatures in arabidopsis |
topic | Plant Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5388537/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28294941 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22114 |
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