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Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity
Autoimmune disorders constitute a major and growing health concern. However, the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to or exacerbate disease symptoms remain unclear. Type I interferons (IFNs) are known to break immune tolerance and be elevated in the serum of patients with autoimmune...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SAGE Publications
2017
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28469477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179670716685085 |
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author | Kemp, Michael G |
author_facet | Kemp, Michael G |
author_sort | Kemp, Michael G |
collection | PubMed |
description | Autoimmune disorders constitute a major and growing health concern. However, the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to or exacerbate disease symptoms remain unclear. Type I interferons (IFNs) are known to break immune tolerance and be elevated in the serum of patients with autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Extensive work over the past decade has characterized the role of a protein termed stimulator of interferon genes, or STING, in mediating IFN expression and activation in response to cytosolic DNA and cyclic dinucleotides. Interestingly, this STING-dependent innate immune pathway both utilizes and is targeted by the cell’s autophagic machinery. Given that aberrant interplay between the apoptotic and autophagic machineries contributes to deregulation of the STING-dependent pathway, IFN-regulated autoimmune phenotypes may be influenced by the combined exposure to environmental carcinogens and pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. This review therefore summarizes recent data regarding these important issues in the field of autoimmunity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5392045 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-53920452017-05-03 Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity Kemp, Michael G J Cell Death Review Autoimmune disorders constitute a major and growing health concern. However, the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to or exacerbate disease symptoms remain unclear. Type I interferons (IFNs) are known to break immune tolerance and be elevated in the serum of patients with autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Extensive work over the past decade has characterized the role of a protein termed stimulator of interferon genes, or STING, in mediating IFN expression and activation in response to cytosolic DNA and cyclic dinucleotides. Interestingly, this STING-dependent innate immune pathway both utilizes and is targeted by the cell’s autophagic machinery. Given that aberrant interplay between the apoptotic and autophagic machineries contributes to deregulation of the STING-dependent pathway, IFN-regulated autoimmune phenotypes may be influenced by the combined exposure to environmental carcinogens and pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. This review therefore summarizes recent data regarding these important issues in the field of autoimmunity. SAGE Publications 2017-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC5392045/ /pubmed/28469477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179670716685085 Text en © The Author(s) 2017 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page(https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Review Kemp, Michael G Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title | Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title_full | Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title_fullStr | Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title_full_unstemmed | Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title_short | Crosstalk Between Apoptosis and Autophagy: Environmental Genotoxins, Infection, and Innate Immunity |
title_sort | crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy: environmental genotoxins, infection, and innate immunity |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5392045/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28469477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1179670716685085 |
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