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Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice

BACKGROUND: In recent years, commercial bath salts products containing synthetic cathinone analogues have emerged as illicit drugs of abuse. These cathinones are structurally similar to the psychostimulants 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine (METH), and produce their effect...

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Autores principales: Gannon, Brenda M., Fantegrossi, William E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5393345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28424752
http://dx.doi.org/10.4303/jdar/236009
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author Gannon, Brenda M.
Fantegrossi, William E.
author_facet Gannon, Brenda M.
Fantegrossi, William E.
author_sort Gannon, Brenda M.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In recent years, commercial bath salts products containing synthetic cathinone analogues have emerged as illicit drugs of abuse. These cathinones are structurally similar to the psychostimulants 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine (METH), and produce their effects via interactions with monoamine transporters, where smaller compounds (e.g., mephedrone) are amphetamine-like monoamine releasers, while the structurally larger compounds (e.g., naphyrone) are cocaine-like monoamine reuptake inhibitors. Individual cathinones also differ from one another with respect to selectivity among the three monoamine transporters. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE OF STUDY: This study was designed to assess the cocaine-like interoceptive effects of synthetic cathinone analogues functioning as passive monoamine reuptake inhibitors (naphyrone) or as releasers (mephedrone) in mice in order to compare effectiveness (degree of substitution) and potency with positive control psychostimulants cocaine, METH, and MDMA. PROCEDURES: In the present study, mice were trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine from saline, and substitutions with METH, MDMA, mephedrone, naphyrone, and morphine were performed. MAIN FINDINGS: Mice reliably discriminated the cocaine training dose from saline, and METH, MDMA, mephedrone, and naphyrone all elicited full cocaine-like responding, while morphine did not. Potency differences were observed such that METH was most potent, while mephedrone, cocaine, MDMA, and naphyrone exhibited roughly equivalent potency. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that interaction with DAT is an important component of cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects, and suggest that synthetic cathinones likely elicit psychostimulant-like abuse-related effects.
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spelling pubmed-53933452017-04-17 Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice Gannon, Brenda M. Fantegrossi, William E. J Drug Alcohol Res Article BACKGROUND: In recent years, commercial bath salts products containing synthetic cathinone analogues have emerged as illicit drugs of abuse. These cathinones are structurally similar to the psychostimulants 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine (METH), and produce their effects via interactions with monoamine transporters, where smaller compounds (e.g., mephedrone) are amphetamine-like monoamine releasers, while the structurally larger compounds (e.g., naphyrone) are cocaine-like monoamine reuptake inhibitors. Individual cathinones also differ from one another with respect to selectivity among the three monoamine transporters. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE OF STUDY: This study was designed to assess the cocaine-like interoceptive effects of synthetic cathinone analogues functioning as passive monoamine reuptake inhibitors (naphyrone) or as releasers (mephedrone) in mice in order to compare effectiveness (degree of substitution) and potency with positive control psychostimulants cocaine, METH, and MDMA. PROCEDURES: In the present study, mice were trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine from saline, and substitutions with METH, MDMA, mephedrone, naphyrone, and morphine were performed. MAIN FINDINGS: Mice reliably discriminated the cocaine training dose from saline, and METH, MDMA, mephedrone, and naphyrone all elicited full cocaine-like responding, while morphine did not. Potency differences were observed such that METH was most potent, while mephedrone, cocaine, MDMA, and naphyrone exhibited roughly equivalent potency. PRINCIPAL CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that interaction with DAT is an important component of cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects, and suggest that synthetic cathinones likely elicit psychostimulant-like abuse-related effects. 2016-12-31 2016 /pmc/articles/PMC5393345/ /pubmed/28424752 http://dx.doi.org/10.4303/jdar/236009 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Article
Gannon, Brenda M.
Fantegrossi, William E.
Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title_full Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title_fullStr Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title_full_unstemmed Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title_short Cocaine-Like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Mephedrone and Naphyrone in Mice
title_sort cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of mephedrone and naphyrone in mice
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5393345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28424752
http://dx.doi.org/10.4303/jdar/236009
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